Transcriptome Analysis of Skeletal Muscles of New Zealand Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) at Three Developmental Stages
ZHU Cui-Yun, ZHENG Qi, JING Jing, QIN Shuai-Qi, LU Jia-Ni, LI Shuang, LING Ying-Hui*
College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Protection and Biological Breeding of Local Livestock and Poultry, Hefei 230036, China
Abstract：Messenger RNA (mRNA) plays an important role in the complex dynamic network regulating skeletal muscle development. The role of New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) mRNA from fetus to adult skeletal muscle remains unclear. This study aims to screen for pathways and candidate genes associated with different stages of skeletal muscle development in New Zealand rabbits using transcriptome sequencing technology. In this study, the leg muscles of 2-week-old fetus, 6-week-old child rabbits and 6-month-old adult New Zealand rabbits were selected for transcriptome sequencing, and differential mRNAs and their potential effects were analyzed. The results showed that 12 845 mRNAs were identified, of which 1 891 mRNAs were differentially expressed in 3 stages. There were 929 differentially expressed genes (393 up-regulated, 536 down-regulated) between fetus group and child group, fetus group and adult group have 938 differentially expressed genes (up-regulated 449, down-regulated 489); and 24 differentially expressed genes (9 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated) between the child and adult groups. GO enrichment analysis showed that the differential transcripts between fetus and child groups were associated with transverse muscle contraction and skeletal muscle contraction. KEGG analysis showed that differential transcripts in the fetus and child groups were mainly enriched in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway and AMPK signaling pathway. Differential transcripts in the child and adult groups were enriched in the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway, which control muscle growth and development. The expression of 10 randomly selected differential genes verified by qPCR were consistent with the analysis of RNA-seq. Genes related to muscle development such as ARG2, ATPTA2, TPM1, PRKAG3, PRKAA2 and FoxO3 were obtained in the fetus and child groups, and genes related to muscle growth such as GOLGA4 and PFKFB3 were obtained in the child and adult groups. This study screened the genes and related pathways associated with skeletal muscle development in New Zealand rabbits, which can provide some theoretical basis for the subsequent study of skeletal muscle development in New Zealand rabbits.
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