Genetic Relationship Analysis and Fingerprint Construction of Potato(Solanum tuberosum) Germplasm Resources
WANG Peng*, LI Fang-Di*, GUO Tian-Shun, DOU Jun-Huan, XIE Wei-Qing, LUO Zhao-Xia, QI Xiao-Dong, YANG Chen, ZHAO Zhong-Liang, SONG Yi, LV Tai**
Tianshui Institute of Agricultural Sciences/National Potato Industrial Technology System of Tianshui Potato Comprehensive Experimental Station, Tianshui 741001, China
Abstract：Since the start of the development strategy of potato staple food in China, breeding of new varieties of main grain potato has become another new goal of breeding. In this study, on the basis of morphological identification, the genetic relationship of 99 potato (Solanum tuberosum) varieties (lines) was studied by SSR marker technology. 32 pairs of SSR primers with high polymorphism index were screened and the tested materials were amplified by SSR analysis. On the basis of 12 morphological traits, 99 potato germplasms were cluster analyzed according to UPGMA (unweighted pair group method analysis) based on Euclidean distance. Morphological cluster results showed that the tested materials were divided into 2 categories at a Euclidean distance of 6.79. ClassⅠcontained 90 materials, accounting for 91 % of the tested materials; Category Ⅱ contained 9 materials including Lishu6, Qingshu2, Red rose, 1025, Dongnong310, Ganguzi, Zhongshu 21, Yunshu 606, Foreign 2. SSR analysis showed that a total of 202 isometric points were detected in 32 pairs of SSR primers, and the polymorphism ratio reached to 100 %. The genetic similarity coefficients (GS) of the tested materials were 0.627~0.926. When GS was 0.627, the tested materials were grouped into 2 categories. There were 27 genotypes in the first category, accounting for 27 % of the tested materials; 72 genotypes in the second category, accounting for 73%; in this group, the 2 varieties of Lishu6 and Huaen1 were separated separately which had larger genetic differences from other genotypes. At the GS 0.637, Kondor, Mira and Kexin22 were separated separately from the other 70 materials. The results of morphological and SSR clustering showed that the genetic difference of potato varieties in the same incubated unit was small. Analyzing the clarity of amplified bands, the number of polymorphic bands and the repeatability of primers, a total of 6 pairs of SSR core primers STI005, STI022, STI024, STI041, SSR223 and STG0016 were identified for constructing the fingerprint profiles of 99 materials. Combining these 6 pairs of core primers, 99 varieties could be distinguished completely. According to STI005 / STI024/STG0016/SSR223/STI022/ STI041, the fingerprints of 99 varieties were constructed. The results showed that the cluster analysis of morphological markers and SSR markers were consistent in the group division and genetic background, and the differences of morphological traits could reflect the differences of gene level to some extent. This study provides a reference for the identification of potato varieties and the selection of excellent hybrid combinations.
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