Abstract：Interleucin 33 (IL-33) is a cytokine with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions, and its signaling is mediated through its specific receptor suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2). Activation of the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway regulates NF-κb, TNFα, and Wnt signaling pathways depending on the cell type, thereby triggering inflammatory response and affecting the stemness and differentiation of stem cells. In this paper, the basic structure and composition of the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway were reviewed, and the recent progress in stem cell function research was summarized. This review provides new ideas for the treatment of inflammatory and immune diseases by elucidating the mechanism of action of stem cells.
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