Identification and Analysis of Cecum Microorganisms Affecting Semen Quality of Wenchang Chicken (Gallus gallus)
LI Jing-Jing, HUANG Li-Ming, FAN Ling-Zhi, YANG Jia-Cheng, ZHANG Zhen, LUO Xu-Liang, FENG Yan-Ping*
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Abstract：The structure and abundance of intestinal microbial communities have important effects on the reproductive ability of animals. In order to explore the beneficial intestinal microorganisms that affect the semen quality of breeding cocks (Gallus gallus) , 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on the intestinal contents samples of Wenchang chickens in the high and low semen quality groups, and the biodiversity of intestinal flora and differences among different groups were analyzed. Meanwhile, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the morphological differences of cecum tissues, and the correlation between cecum microorganisms and semen quality was analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Compared with other intestinal tract, cecum had the highest abundance of intestinal microorganisms, and the axial center was obviously separated between the high and low semen quality groups. The dominant bacteria at the phylum level were Bacteroidetes and Fimicutes, and the dominant bacteria at the genus level were Bacteroidetes. Six butyric acid-producing bacteria, such as Butyricicoccus and Rikenellaceae, were significantly enriched in the high semen quality group. 2) The results of HE and toluidine blue staining showed that the villous height and villous crypt ratio (V/C) of cecum in high semen quality group were significantly higher than that in low semen quality group (P<0.05), the thickness of muscular layer was extremely significantly lower than that in low semen quality group (P<0.01), and the number of mast cells was significantly lower than that in low semen quality group (P<0.05). 3) There were 8 species of bacteria such as Butyricicoccus and Butyricimonas in cecum that were positively correlated with semen quality, and 6 species of bacteria such as Coprobacillus and Bifidobacterium were negatively correlated with semen quality. Oscillospira was highly significantly positively correlated with intestinal villi; Butyricicoccus was negatively correlated with the thickness of intestinal muscle layer; Blautia was negatively correlated with the number of mast cells. In this study, it was found that the beneficial bacteria related to the semen quality of breeder cocks were mainly butyric acid bacteria, which provides reference for the feeding scheme of improving the intestinal health and reproductive ability of breeder cocks through beneficial bacteria in breeding.
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