Abstract：Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a multipotent factor implicated in vascular permeability, endothelial cell division, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, and also plays important and unique roles in reproductive system. The biological function of VEGF must be mediated through via binding to 2 high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptors, the fms-like tyrosine kinase (Flt-1) and fetal liver kinase-1/ kinase insert domain-containing receptor (Flk-1/KDR). A number of studies already found that, in the female mammalian reproductive process, VEGF and its receptors have been shown to be expressed in different tissues, including follicles, corpus luteal, embryo, placental and endometrium. VEGF-VEGFR systems act in an autocrine and paracrine manner and are thought to be involved in ovarian follicular development, oocytes maturation, luteal angiogenesis, endometrial change, embryo implantation, formation of placental blood vessel and embryo development. The mice carried out VEGF gene knockout and disrupted Flt-1 or KDR genes results in endothelial disorganization and abnormal vessel formation during early embryo development, even experience developmental defects and early embryonic lethality. Furthermore, the findings in recent years demonstrated that VEGF significantly promoted the oocytes maturation and embryo developmental competence in vitro. This article focused on the research progress on function and molecular aspects of VEGF and its receptors, as well as the relationship between VEGF and female mammalian genesial function. In the end, further research focuses were also discussed. Overall, this review may provide systematically theoretical references for VEGF and its receptor research.
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