Abstract：Xinjiang hand stretched noodle (XHSN) is one of the most popular noodles in China, and evaluation for high quality XHSN is essential to success of breeding program. Based on past research achievement of the XHSN and relevant molecular markers for the genes coding high quality XHSN, three types of multiplex PCR systems were developed and validated with 13 Xinjiang winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines with known genes, and used to evaluate the genes associated with XHSN quality in 46 Xinjiang winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars and advanced lines. The first multiplex PCR was used to simultaneously detect genes Ax2*, Pinb-D1b and ω-secalin, the second one was to detect the genes Psy-A1a, Psy-A1b, Psy-A1c, Ppo-D1a and Ppo-D1b, and the third one was to detect Glu-B3a, Wx-B1a and Wx-B1b. The test results showed that the frequencies of genes Ax2*, Pinb-D1b, without ω-secalin, Psy-A1a, Psy-A1b, Psy-A1c, Ppo-D1a, Ppo-D1b, Glu-B3a, Wx-B1a and Wx-B1b in the 46 winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines were 30.4%, 45.7%, 78.3%, 94.5%, 4.3%, 2.2%, 91.3%, 8.7%, 21.7%, 91.3% and 8.7%, respectively. Five (Ppo-D1a, without ω-secalin, Pinb-D1b, Glu-B3a and Ax2*) of those genes related with the high quality for the XHSN in Xinjiang wheats had higher frequencies than those in wheats from other Chinese regions, but the high quality genes Psy-A1b and Wx-B1b had lower frequencies. Meanwhile, 19 combinations of the high quality genes appeared in the tested cultivars and advanced lines, the combinations with one, two, three, four or five high quality genes accounted for 13.0%, 32.6%, 26.1%, 23.9% and 4.3%, respectively. The cultivar with six or seven high quality genes was not found. In all combinations of the high quality genes, Ppo-D1a/without ω-secalin, Ppo-D1a/Glu-B3a/without ω-secalin and Ppo-D1a/Ax2*/Pinb-D1b/without ω-secalin had the highest frequencies. Those results showed that the three systems developed in this study were effective and stable to amplify target bands for these genes and could be used to evaluate the XHSN quality quickly. In order to improve the quality of the XHSN in the future, those high quality genes and their combinations should be maintained for the XHSN. Developing cultivars with lower in both yellow pigment (Psy-A1b) and amylose (Wx-B1b) contents will be important objectives in the XHSN wheat breeding programs in the future. Developed three multiplex PCR systems and identified wheat genetic resources with the high quality genes in this study can be provide valuable information for estimation and breeding of the XHSN cultivars in the future.
