Isolation, Identification and Control Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YX3 Against Soybean(Glycine max) Root Rot
DU Hong-Rui1, YANG Fan1, WANG Shuang1, JIANG Xi-Feng1, JIA Bei2, LIU Chun-Lai1,*
1 Institute of Plant Protection, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Harbin, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150086, China; 2 Institute of Industrial Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
Abstract：Soybean root rot is one of the major soil-borne diseases that severely impacts the production of soybean(Glycine max). Current control methods predominantly rely on chemical pesticides, which are susceptible to causing environmental pollution and promoting pathogen resistance. This situation underscores the urgent need for eco-friendly alternatives, such as microbial biocontrol agents. To screen for effective biocontrol bacteria against soybean root rot, the YX3 strain with antibacterial activity was obtained from the rhizosphere soil of maize(Zea mays). It was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by comprehensive analysis of colony morphology observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and muti-gene phylogenetic analysis. The dual-culture assay showed that YX3 had an inhibition rate of 68.98% on the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum, one of the pathogens of soybean root rot, which could cause mycelial deformities of F. oxysporum, such as swelling, shriveled and twisted mycelium. The sterile fermentation filtrate of YX3 significantly inhibited the germination of F. oxysporum spores; Volatile metabolites interfered with the pigment metabolism of F. oxysporum, resulting in hypha fading, loose structure and weakened pathogenicity. Enzyme activity test showed that YX3 could secrete amylase, protease and cellulase, and its genome contained fenA, srfAA and ituD antibiotic genes. The crude lipopeptide extract had antibacterial activity against F. oxysporum. In greenhouse pot experiment, the control effect of YX3 on soybean root rot was 62.79%. In addition, the YX3 strain showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against a variety of plant pathogenic fungi(the antibacterial rate was 64.44%~88.74%). The research showed that YX3 has the potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent, which provides a new candidate resource and theoretical basis for biological control of soybean root rot.
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