Abstract：The genetic improvement of wheat (Triticum aestivum) processing quality is a crucial objective in breeding programs, while the composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and the presence of the 1BL/1RS translocation are 2 significant genetic factors that affecting the processing quality of wheat. In this study SDS-PAGE and acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) were employed to systematically characterize the HMW-GS composition and 1BL/1RS translocation background in 151 new wheat varieties (lines) from the 2023 Henan provincial wheat regional trials. The results revealed 12 distinct HMW-GS subunit types, with 3 variants at the Glu-A1 locus, 5 at Glu-B1, and 4 at Glu-D1. The frequency of the high-quality subunit 5+10 was relatively low, accounting for only 19.21%. A total of 22 types of HMW-GS subunit combination forms were detected. The average quality score was 6.83 points. The subunit combination with the highest distribution frequency was 1/7+9/2+12 (accounting for 27.81%), while the high-quality subunit combination 1/7+8/5+10 only accounted for 8.61%. Additionally, 62 wheat varieties (lines) were identified as carrying the 1BL/1RS translocation chromosome, accounting for 41.06% of the tested materials. 14 wheat varieties (lines) have been identified, which possess HMW-GS with a score of 10 and were non-1BL/1RS translocation lines. These varieties (lines) hold potential value for breeding strong-gluten wheat. Therefore, the proportion of new wheat varieties (lines) containing high-quality HMW-GS combinations was not high, and the average subunit score was relatively low. However, the distribution frequency of the 1BL/1RS translocation lines had decreased. This study provides crucial genetic background information for wheat breeders in Henan province. The selected non-1BL/1RS translocation lines carrying high-quality subunit combinations could serve as important resources for developing high-yield and high-quality wheat varieties, offering significant guiding value for improving wheat processing quality.
耿惠敏, 王孟娜, 张大乐. 河南省部分小麦新品种(系) HMW-GS组成与1BL/1RS的多样性分析[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2025, 33(12): 2571-2580.
GENG Hui-Min, WANG Meng-Na, ZHANG Da-Le. Identification and Diversity Analysis of HMW-GS Composition and 1BL/1RS in Some New Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Varieties (Lines) in Henan Province. 农业生物技术学报, 2025, 33(12): 2571-2580.
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