Abstract：Zinc finger-homeodomain (ZF-HD) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors composed of a zinc finger (ZF) domain and a homeodomain (HD). The ZF-HD family plays a crucial role in plant growth and development by regulating the expression of target genes through binding to their promoters. In this study, the VvZF-HD11 gene was isolated from the leaves of the grape (Vitis vinifera) variety 'Zuoyouhong' and assigned the GenBank accession number PP735488. The full length of the coding region of this gene was 969 bp, encoding 322 amino acids. The conserved domains of the VvZF-HD11 protein were the zinc finger domain ZF at the N-terminus (72~127 aa) and the homeodomain domain HD at the C-terminus (202~258 aa). Comparison of the amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that VvZF-HD11 shares the highest homology with wild tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) NaZF-HD9. Further analysis through qPCR showed that the expression of the VvZF-HD11 gene was induced by various abiotic stress factors and signaling molecules. Specifically, VvZF-HD11 expression peaked under specific conditions, such as low temperature and salicylic acid (SA) induction at 3 h, heat stress and H2O2 treatment at 6 h, salt stress, H2S and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment at 12 h, and drought stress at 9 h. Moreover, transient transformation of VvZF-HD11 into grape leaves followed by heat stress at 45 ℃ for 4 h demonstrated that overexpression of VvZF-HD11 enhanced the leaves' ability to resist heat stress. By detecting physiological indicators and the expression levels of genes related to heat stress, it was found that VvZF-HD11 could enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity of grape leaves, reduce membrane oxidative damage, and promote the expression of genes related to heat stress, thereby improving the plant's ability to resist heat stress. Based on the above results, it was speculated that VvZF-HD11 might be involved in regulating the stress response of grape. This study establishes a foundational theoretical framework for the genetic enhancement of grape varieties exhibiting tolerance to heat stress.
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