多倍体作物CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.04.017

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摘要基因编辑技术是对目标基因进行稳定、精准改造的现代育种技术。CRISPR/Cas9（clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9）系统是当下应用最广泛的基因编辑技术,主要是在目标基因的靶位点断开DNA的双链结构,激活DNA损伤修复途径,进而达到准确的基因编辑的目的。近年来,CRISPR/Cas9系统介导的基因编辑技术在玉米(Zea mays)、水稻(Oryza sativa)和花生(Arachis hypogaea)等重要农作物上应用广泛,在小麦(Triticum aestivum)、棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)和四倍体大豆(Glycine max)等多倍体作物上也实现了基因编辑。本文系统阐述了CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑系统的工作原理,初步明确了其在多倍体作物上的应用及存在的困难和问题,同时对提高多倍体作物基因编辑效率方面提出建议,以期为后续研究提供思路。

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	赵梦羽
	张利军
	蒋正杰
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关键词 ：多倍体作物, 基因编辑, CRISPR/Cas9, 育种

Abstract：Gene editing technology is one of the modern breeding technologies for stable and accurate modification of target genes. CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) system is the most widely used gene editing technology available today.It recognizes target sites of target genes to break the double-stranded DNA and activates DNA damage repair pathway, so as to achieve accurate gene editing. Now CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays),peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and other important crops. In addition, it can be applied to polyploid crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and soybean (Glycine max) which are thought difficult to be edited. In this paper, the principle of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing system, its application in polyploid crops and existing problems are discussed on the basis of summarizing some achievements. Meanwhile, suggestions for improving gene editing efficiency are also put forward, hoping to provide reference for future research.

Key words： Polyploid crops Gene editing CRISPR/Cas9 Breeding

收稿日期: 2021-08-09

ZTFLH:

S-1

基金资助:广西科技基地和人才专项（桂科AD21075011）

通讯作者: *zhaoyang@gxu.edu.cn

引用本文:

赵梦羽, 张利军, 蒋正杰, 赵洋. 多倍体作物CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术研究进展[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(4): 792-801.
ZHAO Meng-Yu, ZHANG Li-Jun, JIANG Zheng-Jie, ZHAO Yang. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Gene Editing in Polyploid Crops. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(4): 792-801.

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http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.04.017 或 http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/Y2022/V30/I4/792

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