Abstract：Abstract Siraitia Grosvenorii is an dioecious plant with medicinal and editable fruits as harvest, native to north of Guangxi Province, China. To explore the molecular mechanism of ethylene signal pathway, based on the unigene information from transcriptome data and combined with the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique and high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (hi-TAIL PCR) technique, the full length mRNA and DNA of the key enzyme of ethylene synthesis was obtained from S. grosvenorii. The relative expression of genes on the male plant, female and Ag+treated female plants at different stages of different tissue parts were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative technique. The results showed that the total length of the mRNA was 1 954 bp, named as SgACS3 (GenBank accession number: KY705404), and the full length DNA of the gene was 2 530 bp and contains three introns. The expressions of SgACS3 gene of the female leaves and buds before pollination were particularly high. The relative expressions of buds and leaves in the female plants were significantly higher than those in Ag+treated plants, suggesting that SgACS3 gene was widely involved in the growth and development of S. grosvenorii, stamen development in the buds, and it was closely related to the formation of female flowers and Ag+ by impact negatively regulate expression. This study provides an important base for revealing the molecular mechanism of SgACS3 in regulating the sex express and organ morphogenesis of flower and its application in breeding.
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