Validation of Genetic Markers Related to Growth Traits in Datong Yak (Bos grunniens) and Ashidan Yak
MA Wan-Hao1,2, MA Xiao-Ling2, SUN Wu1, YIN Man-Cai3,4, JING Jian-Wu2, HU Guang-Wei2, LI Hong-Kang2, ZHAO Shou-Bao2, MA Hai-Fu2, HAN Peng2, ZHANG You-Zhu2, ZHANG Jun1*
1 Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; 2 Qinghai Yak Breeding Extension Service Center, Xining 810100, China; 3 Qinghai Animal Husbandry Station, Xining 810001, China; 4 Datong Comprehensive Experimental Station, Xining 810100, China
Abstract：Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), CREB regulated transcription coactivator 3 (CRTC3), and transmembrane protein 18 (TMEM18) play crucial roles in the growth and development of mammals. To identify genetic markers and gene polymorphisms associated with growth traits in the populations of Datong yak (Bos grunniens) and Ashidan yak, Sanger sequencing technology was used to detect and genotype 5 SNPs in the CTGF, CRTC3 and TMEM18 genes in Datong yak and Ashidan yak populations, and the association between the genotypes of polymorphic sites and growth traits were analyzed. The results showed that there were 2 genotypes at the G2511A loci of the CTGF gene in Datong yak and Ashidan yak populations, 3 genotypes at the C86041T, G86075A loci of the CRTC3 gene, and 3 genotypes at the C1267T, C4447T loci of the TMEM18 gene. Among them, both the C86041T loci of the CRTC3 gene and the C4447T loci of the TMEM18 gene were moderately polymorphic (0.25＜PIC＜0.50).However, the Chi-square test revealed that none of the 5 SNPs reached Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the 2 yak populations, suggesting that the 2 populations have undergone long-term artificial selection and breeding. The association analysis of growth traits showed that the G2511A loci of the CTGF gene was significantly correlated with body height (P＜0.05); 2 SNPs of the CRTC3 gene were significantly associated with body weight (P＜0.05), and the G86075A loci was significantly correlated with both body height and chest circumference (P＜0.05); 2 SNPs of the TMEM18 gene were significantly associated with body weight (P＜0.05). Therefore, these growth trait-related SNP loci were correlated with the growth traits of Datong yaks and Ashidan yaks, and could be used as candidate genes for molecular marker-assisted selection in future breeding improvement. This study provides potential genetic markers for yak breeding improvement.
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