Research Progress on Mechanisms of Growth Promotion and Disease Resistance of Seed Endophytes
ZHAI Kai-Hui, ZHANG Ying-Ying, GAO Xi-Quan*
State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University/College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
Abstract：The diseases caused by phytopathogens seriously impact crop yield and quality during the interaction between plant and microbes, whereas the beneficial endopytes in plant tissues play important roles in plant growth promotion and disease resistance, among which seed endophytes are gaining more and more attentions. Previous studies have shown that through the long-term co-evolution, endophytes are capable of colonizing seeds and being vertically transmitted between generations, to form plant-endophyte holobiont thus to benefit each other, and eventually play essential roles in growth promotion and disease resistance throughout entire life of host plant. Compared to rhizosphere microorganisms, it has not been thoroughly explored overall about the mechanism underlying the impact by host genetics and environmental conditions, as well as the function and relative mechanisms of seed endophytes in plant growth promotion and disease resistance. This paper summarized the current research progress of endophytes, focusing on the diversity and transmission of seed endophytes, as well as the mechanisms of interactions between seed endophytes and phytopathogens. Meanwhile, the functions and potential applications of seed endophytes in plant growth promotion and disease management were fully discussed. Furthermore, the article discussed several issues on current research of seed endophytes, while solutions and advices on the future directions were provided. This review provides theoretical references to explore and utilize seed endophytes for crop improvement in the future.
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