Exploration of Key Genes Affecting Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Guizhou Yellow Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Based on RNA-seq Technology
WANG Xiao-Ya1,2,3,4, CHEN Da-Hai1,2,3,4, RAO Yong-Chao1,2,3, YANG De-Feng1,2,3, TANG Hong1,2,3, LIN Jia-Dong1,2,3,4, ZHANG Fu-Ping1,2,3,4,*
1 Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2 Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guiyang 550025, China; 3 College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 4 Research Chicken Farm of Guizhou University Guiyang 550025, China
Abstract：Intramuscular fat (IMF) content was one of the important indicators to measure meat quality. However, the deposition of intramuscular fat content was affected by heredity, environment and nutrition level, and the deposition of intramuscular fat content was different among different varieties and strains, even among different individuals of the same strain. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in IMF content among different individuals of Guizhou yellow chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and to analyze the molecular regulation mechanism of IMF deposition in muscle of Guizhou yellow chickens by RNA-seq technique. 30 Guizhou yellow chickens hens were selected and raised in the same conditions to 120 d of age, and the IMF content in breast muscle was determined one by one after slaughter. There were 2 groups according to the level of IMF content: The high-IMF group (H group, n=4) and the low-IMF group (L group, n=4). In this study, RNA-seq technique was used to screen differentially expressed genes affecting IMF deposition in breast muscle of Guizhou yellow chicken; It also analyzed the differentially expressed genes for GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment. The results showed that a total of 259 differentially expressed genes were screened out from breast muscle tissues of individuals with high and low IMF content, including 64 up-regulated genes and 195 down-regulated genes. 6 genes were randomly selected for qPCR validation, and the qPCR results were consistent with the sequencing results, proved that the sequencing results were reliable. KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that 5 signaling pathways, including focal adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM) -receptor interaction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion molecules, and TGF (transforming growth factor)-β signaling pathway, these pathways were significantly enriched. Calproteinase 2 (CAPN2), collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), COL1A2, collagen type Ⅵ alpha 1 chain (COL6A1), COL6A2, COL6A3, lipin1 (LPIN1) and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) were found in adhesion spots, ECM-receptor interaction, TGF-beta signaling pathway and PPAR signaling pathway. These genes may be key genes affecting IMF deposition in Guizhou yellow chickens. The differential expression genes identified in this study can be used as key genes for IMF deposition and provide a reference to explore the molecular regulation mechanism of IMF deposition in poultry in future.
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