Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Detection of Functional Markers of 314 Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Germplasm Resources by SNP Microarray
LYU Sheng-Ya1,2, TIAN Hai-Hong1,2, LI Hong-Xia2, FAN Ming2, YANG Le2, LIU Wang-Qing2, QIU Min2, LI Qian-Rong2,*, ZHANG Shuang-Xi2,*
1 College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2 Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
Abstract：In conventional hybrid breeding of wheat (Triticum aestivum), parental materials primarily consist of currently promoted varieties. This tendency toward similar parental sources has led to an increasingly narrow genetic foundation in newly developed cultivars and heightened genetic homogeneity among varieties. Consequently, valuable alleles for disease resistance, cold tolerance, and broad-spectrum stress tolerance—abundantly present in local germplasm resources—are being lost. A thorough analysis of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships between Ningxia spring wheat landraces and cultivated varieties holds significant implications for optimizing parent selection strategies in breeding programs and enhancing progeny selection efficiency. This study employed 100K-GBTS chips for genotyping analysis of 314 spring wheat germplasm resources. Cluster analysis was conducted based on genetic distance, and the 314 wheat accessions were classified into 3 clusters. Further functional gene analysis revealed that '96NS4019' and '14Y1269' exhibited the best overall performance in terms of grain weight and grain size; three accessions—'M423', '91 Yun 315', and 'MJ317'—expressed all 5 dwarf genes. Analysis of gene combinations and single-factor variance of related traits revealed that materials with the Rht8+Rht-D1 genotype exhibited significantly lower plant height than those with the QPht-2D+Rht8+Rht-D1 genotype (P<0.05); Materials containing the TaCwi-A1+TaGS5-A1+TaT6P gene combination exhibited significantly higher thousand-kernel weight than those lacking high-grain-weight genes (P<0.05). These findings provide germplasm resources and molecular evidence for scientifically selecting parental combinations and directing genetic improvement of target traits in future spring wheat hybrid breeding programs in Ningxia.
吕省亚, 田海红, 李红霞, 樊明, 杨乐, 刘旺清, 裘敏, 李前荣, 张双喜. 基于SNP芯片的314份小麦种质资源遗传多样性分析和功能标记检测[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2026, 34(5): 996-1009.
LYU Sheng-Ya, TIAN Hai-Hong, LI Hong-Xia, FAN Ming, YANG Le, LIU Wang-Qing, QIU Min, LI Qian-Rong, ZHANG Shuang-Xi. Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Detection of Functional Markers of 314 Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Germplasm Resources by SNP Microarray. 农业生物技术学报, 2026, 34(5): 996-1009.
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