1 College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3 Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
Abstract：The processes of maternal pregnancy and delivery in mammals are also related to the processes of inflammatory occurrence and development. Premature inflammation or unbalance immunity could cause pregnant termination or abortion. Elastase, neutrophil expressed (ELANE) plays a crucial role in inflammatory occurrence and development. The current study aimed to explore the localization, expression patterns and potential functions of ELANE in yak (Bos grunniens) placenta in middle and late pregnant phases (n=3/group) using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, immunofluorescence (IF) staining, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Meanwhile, the potential biological function of ELANE was predicted based on data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics data. HE staining revealed that abundant trophoblast giant cells and uninucleate trophoblast cells in yak middle pregnant placenta, while late pregnant placenta of yak exhibited degenerative changes and a reduction in trophoblast cell numbers. IHC and IF showed that ELANE protein was localized primarily in the cytoplasm of yak placenta trophoblast giant cells and uninucleate trophoblast cells. Compared with middle pregnant placenta of yak, qRT-PCR and Western blot results manifested that the relative expression levels of ELANE gene and its protein levels were up-regulated extremely significantly in late pregnant placenta of yak (P<0.01). Bioinformatics analysis suggested that ELANE might regulate phagocytosis, extracellular space, serine-type endopeptidase activity, cytokine binding and other pathways involved in growth and development of yak placenta in middle and late pregnancy. In conclusion, ELANE may participate in placental dynamic development and pregnant maintenance through regulating the function of placental trophoblast cells in yaks. This study provides a reference for further exploration the function of ELANE in yak placental tissues.
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