西瓜枯萎病拮抗菌筛选及其拮抗性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2019.12.015

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Abstract Fusarium wilt of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (FON) which is considered as the most important soil-borne pathogens. Some safe antagonistic strain can control FON growth and reduce Fusarium wilt of watermelon. In order to screen an antagonistic strain against FON, the rhizosphere soil from vegetable crops on Qinxin farm in Qiqihar Heilongjiang province was collected and used in this study. The antagonistic strain was screened out using plate confrontation method, and identified by morphological, physiological, and biochemical and bio-control enzyme analyses, as well as 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Antifungal activities of sterile fermentation filtrate from different growth stage of antagonistic strain and the stability of sterile fermentation filtrate under different conditions were determined using growth rate method. FON spore morphology and cell membrane integrity were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results showed that the antagonistic strain was classified as Bacillus methylotrophicus, named as WC. The WC strain could product amylase, glucanase, protease and siderophores. The sterile fermentation filtrate from the stationary phase had stronger antifungal activity against FON compared to those from the exponential stage and death phase, and the inhibition rate of FON colony growth was 61.57%. The stability tests showed that the sterile fermentation filtrate had stronger antifungal activity against FON under 10 ℃ for 30 min compared to other testing temperature, with inhibition rate of 62.78%. The antifungal activity from WC fermentation filtrate reached to 74.54% in pH 7, the stabilities of fermentation filtrate were poor in acid and base conditions. The filtrate could be stored with stable antifungal activity at 4 ℃ for 30 d and was insensitive to UV-irradiation. The analyses from SEM demonstrated that treatment with fermentation filtrate from WC led to wrinkling and depressed changes on the surface of FON spores. The CLSM revealed that the fermentation filtrate from WC damaged membrane integrity. The above results indicate that WC is a high-efficiency antagonistic strain against FON, and could be used to control Fusarium wilt of watermelon in future.

Key words： Antagonistic strain Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Stability Antifungal ability

Received: 05 April 2019

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Corresponding Authors: * wzg1980830@sina.com

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	XU Wei-Hui
	WANG Heng-Xu
	ZHAO Jing-Ming
	WANG Zhi-Gang
	WANG Ke-Xin

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XU Wei-Hui,WANG Heng-Xu,ZHAO Jing-Ming, et al. Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and Its Antagonistic Properties[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2019, 27(12): 2238-2247.

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http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2019.12.015 OR http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/EN/Y2019/V27/I12/2238

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