Abstract：Currently, the research on cell wall is one of hot researches in plant molecular biology. Xyloglucan (XG) is the main hemicellulose of primary cell wall in dicotyledon. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) is a family of enzymes that catalyze xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) and/or xyloglucan endohydrolase. XTHs can cut XG chains and transfer the fragment with the new reducing end either to another XG or to water, and play an important role in cell wall remodeling, affecting plant growth and development. In this article, we reviewed the structures and functions of XTHs, and the factors that affect their functions. The current problems and future research directions were outlined.
