Abstract：Under starvation, lots of genes involved in energy metabolism of fat will change in order to adapt to environmental changes for farm animal and human (Homo sapiens). In this study, in order to investigate the regulation role of miR-378 for fat metabolism under short-term (24 h) starvation, wild type (WT) mice and miR-378 knockout (KO) mice (Mus musculus) were used to investigate the fat metabolism difference between normal feeding and high-fat induction conditions. The tissues of brown fat, inguinal fat, gonadal fat, perirenal fat and subcutaneous fat of two months and high-fat induced two months of mice were collected. To explore the effect of miR-378 KO on fat decomposition and fat synthesis under starvation, decomposition related genes were detected by qRT-PCR. The results suggested that the expression of Pparγ was decreased, the expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (Acsl1) and acyl-Col synthetase long-chain family member 1 (Acadl) were increased, and also the expression of miR-378 was increased in fat. The expression of fat decomposition maker genes in miR-378 KO were decreased compared with WT. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that miR-378 could promote the decomposition of fat and miR-378 KO inhibit the decomposition under starvation. This study suggests that miR-378 could be a regulatory factor on affecting the fat decomposition in mice, would provide an reference for studying human and other animals fat decomposition.
