Abstract：The objective of this study was to research the expression of tumor protein p53 (Tp53) in yak (Bos grunneins) during different development period of embryo and to verify the relationship with in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryo development. In this study, we gathered the ovarian of female yak and collected cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during in vitro maturation and to culture these IVF embryos. The expression of Tp53 in different periods of IVF embryos were detected by the methods of PCR, quantitative Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence at mRNA and protein levels. The results showed that Tp53 gene expressed in different development period of IVF embryos, and Tp53 in blastocysts and 2~4 cells volume was relatively low, and there was no significant difference between groups (P＞0.05); Tp53 in stage 5~8 cells and 9~16 expression quantity was relatively high, and there was no significant difference between groups (P＞0.05). The expression of Tp53 in stage 2~4 cells and blastocyst had significant difference compared with 5~8 cell embryo and 9~16 cell embryo(P＜0.05). This study suggests that Tp53 played a very important role in adjusting early embryonic development. The relationship between the expression of Tp53 and developmental block was positive correlation. Indirect immune fluorescent displayed that Tp53 mainly existed in the nucleus while a small amount existed in cytoplasm and its role was related to DNA damage.
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