Intestinal Microflora Dynamic Change, Serum Enzyme and Growth Performance of the Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) at Different Stages of Feeding Broad Bean(Vicia faba)
Abstract：To obtain scientific data for the healthful aquaculture of crisp grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus), intestinal microflora composition, serum enzyme and growth performance of grass carp at different stages of feeding broad bean(Vicia faba) were examined to assess the physiological and biochemical changes during the transformation from grass carp to crisp grass carp. During the different crisping stages (30, 60, 90 and 120 d) and the last stage of crisp grass carp taking artificial feed for 30 d(the 150 d), the changes in the composition of intestinal microflora, activity of serum enzyme and growth performance were analyzed. The results showed that, on 30 d, there was no significant difference of average weight between broad bean group and control group (P＞0.05); 60~150 d, the average weight of grass carp feeding broad bean were lower than that of control group (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). On 30 and 60 d, the head kidney somatic index(HKBI) and hepatosomatic index(HSI) of broad bean group were not significantly different compared with the control group (P＞0.05), which all lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) of 90~120 d; There was no significant difference of HSI between broad bean group and control group (P＞0.05) of 150 d. The activities of serum alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme and complement 3(C3)(except that of 30 d) of broad bean group were all lower than those of control group, but the activities of 3 enzymes rised after feeding crisp grass carp with artificial diet. Compared with the control group, the diversity of intestinal microflora of broad bean group decreased; The number of probiotics species including Cetobacterium, Bacillus and Eubacterium was diminishing and the number of opportunistic pathogens including Aeromonas veronii, A. sobria and Vibrio anguillarum increased in broad bean group. In addition, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria were the dominant intestinal microflora of both groups. The results demonstrated that, with the increase of crisping time, broad bean gradually changed the composition of intestinal microflora and inhibited the activities of 3 serum enzymes and growth performance of grass carp; Composition of intestinal microflora and enzymes activities were found to be a recovering trend after feeding crisp grass carp with artificial diet for 30 d. It is presumed that the inhibited factors for the growth and immunity of crisp grass carp were probably the anti-nutritional substances from broad bean. This research will provide scientific data for the healthful aquaculture of crisp grass carp.
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