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2025年4月5日 星期六
农业生物技术学报  2023, Vol. 31 Issue (8): 1730-1746    DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2023.08.016
  研究评述与展望 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
CRISPR/Cas 基因组编辑技术在果树育种中的应用
倪海枝, 王引, 王平, 程玉芳, 颜帮国, 陈方永*
浙江省柑橘研究所,台州 318026
Application of CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing Technology in Fruit Trees Breeding
NI Hai-Zhi, WANG Yin, WANG Ping, CHENG Yu-Fang, YAN Bang-Guo, CHEN Fang-Yong*
Citrus Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 318026, China
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摘要 CRISPR/Cas 系统的出现使植物基因组编辑进入了基因精准编辑的新时代。CRISPR/Cas 系统已成功应用于多个果树物种。育种研究统计发现,研究者利用CRISPR/Cas 基因组编辑技术编辑了大约45 个果树基因,主要用于增强抗病性、延长货架期、提早开花、树形矮化体和增加分枝数等方面的研究。 目前,果树基因组编辑大多为 CRISPR/Cas9 系统产生的插入/缺失突变,导入方式主要为农杆菌 (Agrobacterium)介导的稳定转化方式,外源基因的瞬时转化体系少有研究,主要是因为大多数果树中转化效率低限制了其应用。本文概述 CRISPR/Cas 系统及其相关技术,介绍 CRISPR/Cas 表达载体系统进入植物基因组中的导入方法,并综述 CRISPR/Cas 系统在果树研究中的应用情况,分析了存在的问题并对其应用前景进行了展望。本文为果树基因功能研究及分子育种研究工作提供参考。
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倪海枝
王引
王平
程玉芳
颜帮国
陈方永
关键词 基因组编辑CRISPR/Cas 系统果树遗传改良    
Abstract:With the advent of CRISPR/Cas system, plant genome editing has entered a new era of precise editing for any genes of interest. The CRISPR/Cas toolkits have been successfully tested on a wide variety of fruit tree species. According to the statistics of breeding research, researchers have edited about 45 fruit tree genes by CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology, which were mainly used to enhance disease resistance, prolong shelf-time, early flowering, tree dwarf and increase shoot branching. However, the fruit tree genome editing still relies mostly on Cas9-based indel mutation and Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation. Transient transformation for transgene-free genome editing is preferred, but it typically has very low efficiency in fruit trees, substantially limiting its potential utility. In this review, the CRISPR/Cas system and its related technologies were summarized, and then we introduced the delivery methods of the CRISPR /Cas expression vector into plant genome and the current status of fruit tree genome editing practices using the CRISPR/Cas system, and discussed the problems impeding the efficient application of the CRISPR/Cas toolkits for fruit trees genome editing, as well as future prospects. This review provides reference for research on gene function and molecular breeding of fruit trees.
Key wordsGenome editing    CRISPR/Cas toolkits    Fruit trees    Genetic improvement
收稿日期: 2022-06-29     
ZTFLH:  S6  
基金资助:浙江省农业科学院学科建设项目([2018]8 号)
通讯作者: * cfy17266@126.com   
引用本文:   
倪海枝, 王引, 王平, 程玉芳, 颜帮国, 陈方永. CRISPR/Cas 基因组编辑技术在果树育种中的应用[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2023, 31(8): 1730-1746.
NI Hai-Zhi, WANG Yin, WANG Ping, CHENG Yu-Fang, YAN Bang-Guo, CHEN Fang-Yong. Application of CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing Technology in Fruit Trees Breeding. 农业生物技术学报, 2023, 31(8): 1730-1746.
链接本文:  
http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2023.08.016     或     http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/Y2023/V31/I8/1730
 
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