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2025年8月28日 星期四
农业生物技术学报  2022, Vol. 30 Issue (5): 999-1013    DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.05.017
  研究评述与展望 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
遗传修饰技术在甘蔗优质品种选育中的研究进展
董刚刚1,2, 王颖1,2, 韩成贵1,2,*
1 中国农业大学 植物保护学院,北京 100193;
2 农业农村部作物有害生物监测与绿色防控重点实验室,北京 100193
Research Progress of Genetic Modification Technology in the Breeding of High-quality Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Varieties
DONG Gang-Gang1,2, WANG Ying1,2, HAN Cheng-Gui1,2,*
1 College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
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摘要 甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum )作为一种全球重要的糖料和工业原料作物,目前已在 100 多个国家 成功实现商业化种植,甘蔗产业的高质量可持续发展,对于全球食糖有效供应和绿色能源经济的可持续 发展具有重要战略意义。近年来,依托传统杂交育种技术的甘蔗产业遭遇发展瓶颈。随着现代生物学技 术的迅速发展,遗传修饰技术在许多领域崭露头角。遗传修饰技术,即通过基因工程,特异性改造或改良 靶标基因,从而实现对功能性状的改变。甘蔗作为转基因生物安全等级最高的作物之一,以功能基因组 学为基础的报告基因和筛选标记基因推动了甘蔗在抗病、抗虫、抗(耐)除草剂和抗寒、抗旱等方面的优质 品种选育。此外,转基因技术也在提高甘蔗蔗糖含量、改良蔗糖品质及基于生物反应器的能源甘蔗等品 质改良方面成果丰硕;以基因组组装、基因组学辅助育种(genomics-assisted breeding, GAB)、多等位基因 诱变和功能缺失表型创建等为代表的基因编辑技术在甘蔗功能基因组研究和新材料创制方面表现优异。 本文全面综述了遗传修饰技术在上述多个甘蔗领域的研究进展,重点关注兼具多个优良性状的多价融合 转基因甘蔗研发和商业化,以期为我国甘蔗优质品种选育和品质改良提供参考,推动我国甘蔗产业高质 量可持续发展。
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关键词 甘蔗转基因基因编辑遗传改良商业化应用    
Abstract:Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), as an important global sugar crop and industrial raw material crop, has been successfully commercialized in more than 100 countries. The high-quality and sustainable development of the sugarcane industry has important strategic significance for the effective supply of global sugar and the sustainable development of the green energy economy. In recent years, the sugarcane industry, which relies on traditional hybrid breeding technology, has encountered development bottlenecks. With the rapid development of modern biological technology, genetic modification technology has emerged in many fields. Genetic modification technology refers to the specific modification or improvement of target genes through genetic engineering, so as to realize the change of functional traits. Sugarcane is one of the crops with the highest safety level of GMOs, reporter genes and selectable marker genes based on functional genomics have promoted the breeding of high-quality sugarcane varieties in terms of disease resistance, insect resistance, herbicide resistance, cold resistance, and drought resistance. In addition, transgenic technology has also achieved fruitful results in increase sucrose content, improving sucrose quality, and research on energy sugarcane based on bioreactors. Gene editing technologies represented by genome assembly, genomics- assisted breeding (GAB), multi-allelic mutagenesis and creation of loss-of-function phenotypes have performed well in sugarcane functional genome research and new material creation. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress of genetic modification technology in the above-mentioned sugarcane fields, focusing on the development and commercialization of multivalent fusion transgenic sugarcane with multiple excellent traits. This review provides reference for the breeding and quality improvement of high-quality sugarcane varieties in my country, and promote the high-quality and sustainable development of sugarcane industry of China.
Key wordsSugarcane    Genetic modification    Gene editing    Genetic improvement    Commercial application
收稿日期: 2021-08-24     
ZTFLH:  S435.661  
引用本文:   
董刚刚, 王颖, 韩成贵. 遗传修饰技术在甘蔗优质品种选育中的研究进展[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(5): 999-1013.
DONG Gang-Gang, WANG Ying, HAN Cheng-Gui. Research Progress of Genetic Modification Technology in the Breeding of High-quality Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Varieties. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(5): 999-1013.
链接本文:  
http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.05.017     或     http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/Y2022/V30/I5/999
 
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