Characterization of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions Under Different Organic Materials Amendment in Sandy Soil
HAO Jin-Yu1, CHEN Yuan-Quan1, DAI Hong-Cui2, LI Chao3, XU Jie1, LIU Jin1,*, SUI Peng1,*
1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2 Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; 3 Science and Technology Bureau of Wuqiao County, Cangzhou 061800, China
Abstract：In recent years, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology has become an application hotspot in the research field of soil organic carbon molecular structure. Compared with loam and clay, sandy soil was more sensitive to the feedback mechanism of soil carbon fractions changes. To reveal the effects of soil organic carbon fractions and stability under different external organic carbon input, this study, with straw (ST) returning as the main control and chemical fertilizer (CF) treatment as the secondary control, the effects of the amendment of 3 organic materials for 8 consecutive years on the molecular structure of organic carbon in sandy soil were determined by 13C-NMR technology. Results showed that: 1) Soil organic carbon fractions were predominant as O-alkyl C (45~110 ppm) which was dominated by carbohydrate C (60~90 ppm) in pig manure (PM), biogas residue (BR) and biochar (BC) treatments, similar to that in the 2 control groups. 2) Compared with the ST treatment (main control), the recalcitrant organic carbon (alkyl C and aromatic C) decreased by 2.96% and 3.77% in BR and PM treatments respectively, but increased by 8.12% in BC treatment. Compared with the ST treatment, the Hydrophobicity index (HI) decreased by 4.93% and 6.25% in BR and PM treatments respectively, but increased by 14.65% in BC treatment. The aromaticity of BC treatment was about 1.7 to 2.0 times that of BR and PM treatments. 3) Redundancy analysis showed that the relative proportion of aromatic C significantly impacted the stability indexes and the content of soil organic carbon (P<0.01). Due to the differences in soil organic carbon fractions under the amendment of different organic materials, BR and PM treatments increased the relative proportion of labile organic carbon (carbohydrate C) and carboxylic C, which meant that the stability of soil organic carbon was weakened. BC treatment increased the relative proportion of recalcitrant organic carbon (aromatic C), the effect of improving the stability of soil organic carbon was more significant. The present study could provide insight for further improving the stability of farmland soil organic carbon pool.
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