Effects of Litter Addition of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) and Broadeaf Forest on Soil Bacterial Community
WANG Yue, LUO Xue-Yuan, LI Yong-Chun*, CHEN Zhi-Hao, YAO Ze-Xiu, FANG Tao, ZHANG Bao-Gang
College of Environmental and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycle in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration/State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Hangzhou 311300, China
Abstract：Litter decomposition is a key process that can affect the forest ecosystem during plant invasion. The litter decomposition is an important part of the material cycle of the forest ecosystem, and it is of great significance to the improvement of soil fertility. The process of litter decomposition also affects the structure and quantity of soil microorganisms. Studies have shown that changes in the bacterial community structure are more sensitive to the response of litter decomposition. However, the characteristics of bacterial communities and their roles in litter decomposition during plant invasion in the forest are not well documented. An incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), evergreen broadleaf, and mixed bamboo-broadleaf litter additions on soil bacterial communities. The changes in bacterial communities before and after the litter addition were studied using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results showed that all 3 litter types significantly (P<0.05) increased the soil pH, organic matter, available potassium, and available nitrogen contents. At the end of the incubation, the number of soil bacteria increased with the addition of the 3 litter types. The bacterial abundance correlated positively with the addition rate of bamboo litter, while it didn't show correlation with the broadleaf forest litter. On the other hand, the bacterial abundance significantly (P<0.05) increased with only 2% addition rate of bamboo-broadleaf forests litter. The results of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showed that the addition of the 3 litter types significantly (P<0.05) altered the composition of soil bacterial community as compared to the control. Redundant analysis (RDA) showed that the variation of the bacterial community composition was significantly affected by soil pH, organic matter, and available potassium contents. At the same time, the abundance of soil bacteria was positively correlated (P<0.05) with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, and available potassium. In fact, there was no significant difference in the index of bacterial diversity among the treatments before the addition and incubation of 3 types of litter. At the end of incubation, both Shannon and evenness indices increased significantly (P<0.05) with the different litter treatments as compared to the control, while the Simpson index decreased significantly (P<0.05) with the different litter treatments as compared to the control. These results suggested that litter addition could increase soil nutrient content and promote bacterial proliferation. The magnitude of promoted bacterial proliferation varied with different types of forest litters. The abundance of soil bacteria increased with the increasing amount of litter addition of Moso bamboo, which was definitely different from the litter of evergreen broadleaf and mixed bamboo-broadleaf forests. Our results implied that the addition of Moso bamboo litter has positive effects on soil such as increasing nutrient availability and ameliorating soil acidity, as well as promoting the functional diversity of soil bacterial communities. This study revealed that the effects of litter addition on soil bacterial community varied with the type of forest stands, which might provide a reference for understanding the mechanism of the effect of litter decomposition on soil bacterial community during Moso bamboo invasion into broad-leaved forest.
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