Effects of Three Feeds on Serum Enzyme Activity, Intestinal Structure and Bacterial Flora of Ctenopharyngodon idellus
JIN Ya-Qi1, 2, YU Er-Meng1, *, ZHANG Kai1, LI Zhi-Fei1, WANG Guang-Jun1, XIE Jun1, YU De-Guang1, SUN Jin-Hui2, WEI Dong2, GONG Wang-Bao1, TIAN Jing-Jing1
1 Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; 2 College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
Abstract：Different feeds will affect the metabolism and the intestinal structure and flora of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), which further change its muscle quality and immunity. So, the purpose of this study was to explore the effects of three feeds on the metabolism and growth of grass carp, including grass feed (Pennisetum sinese), broad bean (Vicia faba) and artificial compound feed. Serum enzyme activities related to metabolism and intestinal histological were detected, and then the abundance of intestinal flora and changes in metabolic pathways were further analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results of three feeds showed that, in the grass carp fed with grass feed, there were the highest superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, integral intestinal structure, the highest abundance of both probiotics and carbohydrate metabolic pathway. Broad bean feeding increased trypsin (TRY) activity, damaged intestinal tract, increased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and disease transmission pathway. In the grass carp fed with artificial compound feed, the growth rate (74.52%), activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and abundance of glycan biosynthesis and metabolism pathway were highest, and the intestinal tissue structure was relatively complete. These results demonstrated that, in the grass carp, Pennisetum sinese grass meal feed was helpful for maintaining intestinal health and enhancing metabolism, and broad bean led to the intestinal damage and inflammation, and artificial feed caused a certain degree of intestinal inflammation and immune suppression in spite of the highest nutritional value. This study would provide guidance for the selection and matching of different feeds and the research of new artificial feed in grass carp.
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