Height-related Genes Screening in Hypophysis of Debao Pony (Equus caballus) by Differential Alternative Splicing
PAN Jing, FANG Jun, LIU Chun-Xia, CAO Jun-Wei, XING Yan-Ping, ZHOU Huan-Min*, ZHANG Yan-Ru*
College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Bio-manufacture of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018, China
Abstract：Variable splicing enables a single gene to produce multiple mRNAs, thereby enhancing protein diversity, which is closely related to the growth and development of organisms. Among the abundant horse (Equus caballus) breed resources in China, Debao pony and Mongolian horse have obvious height differences. In this study, 137 449 alternative splicing events were detected by RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis using hypophysis tissue which closely related to horse size. There were 4 main types of alternative splicing including intron retention (IntronR), alternative 3' splice site (A3SS), alternative 5' splice site (A5SS) and exon skipping (ES). In different horse breeds and different development durations, 37 genes presented differential alternative splicing, including 23 differentially alternative splicing genes between immature Debao pony and immature Mongolian horse, 1 differentially alternative splicing gene between adult Debao pony and adult Mongolian horse, 5 differentially alternative splicing genes between immature Debao pony and adult Debao pony, and 8 differentially alternative splicing genes between immature Mongolian horse and adult Mongolian horse. In alternative splicing types of hypophysis, cassette exon splicing of WDR35 gene and ES splicing of OSBPL6 gene in immature Debao pony were identified as important factors affecting dwarfism of Debao pony. Moreover, in the developing hypophysis of Debao pony and Mongolian horse, 13 genes including CPEB1, TCF12, CCDC28B, KIT, FAM129A, PTPRF, EPHA5, OGDH, USP28, EMID1, ANKHD1, KIDINS220 and INF2 were selected as candidate genes targeting dwarf trait by comparing differential alternative splicing types of immature and adult horses. Above dwarf-related genes provide basic information for further molecular breeding targeting horse height.
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