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2025年8月11日 星期一
  2018, Vol. 26 Issue (9): 1494-1503    
  研究论文与报告 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
镉胁迫对小麦形态发育及生理代谢的影响
夏雪姣1,菅明阳1,韩玉翠2,翟晓光1,赵丹阳1,朱婷1,辛芳2,曹冠男2,丁勤1,马翎健1
1. 西北农林科技大学
2. 西北农林科技大学 农学院
Effects of Cadmium Stress on Morphological Development and Physiological Metabolism in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
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摘要 摘 要 重金属是威胁小麦(Triticum aestivum)生长的重要因素之一,其中镉毒性较大。为了探究重金属镉对小麦的毒害机理,本实验以具有不同耐镉性的中育10号、周麦18和洛麦23为实验材料,采用水培法,研究不同浓度镉溶液(CdCl2·2.5H2O) (0、10、20和40 mg/L)对3份小麦种子发育、生理响应和根细胞超微结构的影响。研究结果显示,镉溶液浓度为20 mg/L时,中育10号、周麦18和洛麦23的发芽率分别下降12%、20%和42%;当镉溶液浓度升至40 mg/L时,小麦根的生长受到强烈抑制,耐镉性较强品种中育10号的根长下降69%,耐镉性较弱品种洛麦23根长下降80%。对不同组织的相关生理生化指标检测显示,过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (catalase, CAT)、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量、脯氨酸含量和胞间CO2浓度均有不同程度增加,中育10号上升幅度高于洛麦23;根系活力、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均有不同程度降低。此外,利用透射电镜对根细胞的观察显示,在相同浓度镉胁迫下,耐镉性较强品种中育10号维持相对完整超微结构,对金属镉有良好的抗性和适应性。本研究从生长形态、生理代谢和细胞结构等方面,综合探讨了不同抗性小麦对镉的响应机理,对于小麦遗传育种具有一定的参考价值。
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夏雪姣
菅明阳
韩玉翠
翟晓光
赵丹阳
朱婷
辛芳
曹冠男
丁勤
马翎健
关键词 镉胁迫小麦形态发育生理代谢    
Abstract:Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic and persistent environmental poison, its increasing level in environment exerts a wild range of adverse effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum) and even the health of human beings by food chains. In order to clarify the mechanism of Cd poisoning on wheat, we studied the effects of different concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) of Cd solution (CdCl2·2.5H2O) on Zhongyu 10, Zhoumai 18 and Luomai 23 in seed development and physiological mechanism. We studied the effects of different Cd concentrations on some physiological indexes including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), soluble sugar, soluble protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline content, root vigor, and photosynthetic indexes. Then the ultrastructure of root cells was observed. Research results showed that the germination rates of Zhongyu 10 (strong Cd tolerance), Zhoumai 18 (medium Cd tolerance) and Luomai 23 (low Cd tolerance) decreased by 12%, 20% and 42% under the treat with 20 mg/L Cd solution, respectively. The growth of wheat was inhibited as the Cd solution concentration increased. Under 40 mg/L Cd solution, the root length of Zhongyu 10 decreased by 69%, and the root length of Luomai 23 decreased by 80%. Besides, POD activity, SOD activity, CAT activity, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, MDA content, proline content and intercellular CO2 concentration all increased in flag leaves at seeding stage. Zhongyu 10 increased more than Luomai 23, and exhibited some adaptability. While root activity, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance all decreased, and Luomai 23 decreased more than Zhongyu 10. In addition, root cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and showed that the damages of mitochondria, cell wall and cell membrane of root cells in Luomai 23 were more serious than that of Zhongyu 10. The present study explored the responses of 3 strains of wheat with different Cd tolerance including growth morphology, physiological metabolism and ultrastructure, which might provide certain reference for wheat genetic breeding.
Key wordsCadmiun stress    Wheat    Morphological development    Physiological metabolism
收稿日期: 2018-02-08      出版日期: 2018-08-06
基金资助:十三五重点研发项目;农业部"948"研究项目;农业部"948"研究项目
通讯作者: 丁勤     E-mail: yushuiluoye01@126.com;dingqin@nwsuaf.edu.cn
引用本文:   
夏雪姣 菅明阳 韩玉翠 翟晓光 赵丹阳 朱婷 辛芳 曹冠男 丁勤 马翎健. 镉胁迫对小麦形态发育及生理代谢的影响[J]. , 2018, 26(9): 1494-1503.
链接本文:  
http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/     或     http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/Y2018/V26/I9/1494
 
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