高碳基肥减氮施用对土壤肥力和细菌多样性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.06.013

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Abstract Overuse of chemical fertilizers leads to deterioration of the soil environment and severely affects crop production. High-carbon basal fertilizer plays an important role in improving soil ecological environment of farmland, it has a greater impact on soil chemical properties and microbial diversity. This study adopted field test methods, 5 treatments were set up, including: NF (no fertilization), GCK (conventional fertilization of 111 kg/hm² pure nitrogen), G3 (high-carbon basal fertilizer 450 kg/hm²+99.9 kg/hm² pure nitrogen)(10% reduction in nitrogen), G5 (high-carbon basal fertilizer 750 kg/hm²+88.8 kg/hm² pure nitrogen)(20% reduction in nitrogen), G7 (high-carbon basal fertilizer 1 050 kg/hm²+77.7 kg/hm² pure nitrogen)(30% reduction in nitrogen). The effects on soil chemical properties were studied, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze soil bacterial diversity. These results showed that: 1) High-carbon basal fertilizer combined with nitrogen reduction could increase soil pH, content of available nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P). Among them, G7 had the best effect on improving soil fertility. The soil pH, contents of available nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus were increased under treatment of G7, which were 23.49%, 8.78%, 20.28% and 27.81% higher than those of CK, respectively (at 90 d after transplantation). 2) At the phylum levels, G7 increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, which were 9.93% and 2.28% higher than CK at 30 and 60 d after transplantation, respectively. At 60 d after transplantation, G3 increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, which were 93.42% higher than CK. High-carbon basal fertilizer combined with nitrogen reduced the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, at 30 d after transplantation, which G7 decreased the most by 35.39%. At the genus levels, at 30 and 60 d after transplantation, G7 significantly increased the relative abundance of Sphingomonas and Pseudarthrobacter. At 60 d after transplantation, G7 decreased the relative abundance of Rhodanobacter. Among them, G7 had the greatest impact on bacterial diversity. 3) According to redundancy analysis, 86.64% of the change in the bacterial phylum communities was due to physical and chemical factors of the soils. There was a positive correlation between soil available N, K, P, pH and Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes. This study showed that 1 050 kg/hm² high-carbon basal fertilizer+77.7 kg pure nitrogen/hm² (30% reduction in nitrogen) had the best effect on improvement of soil microbial diversity and soil fertility. This study elaborates the mechanism underlying impact on soil microbial diversity and soil chemical properties by used high-carbon basal fertilizers.

Key words： High-carbon basal fertilisers Nitrogen reduction Bacterial diversity Tobacco growing soil

Received: 30 August 2021

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Corresponding Authors: * zhangsongzi@163.com

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	SU Meng-Di
	MA Xiao
	HU Li-Tao
	ZHAO Long-Jie
	PENG Jun
	WANG Huan-Huan
	ZHANG Song-Tao

Cite this article:

SU Meng-Di,MA Xiao,HU Li-Tao, et al. Effects of High-carbon Basal Fertilizers Combined with Nitrogen Reduction on Soil Fertility and Bacterial Diversity[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2022, 30(6): 1174-1185.

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http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2022.06.013 OR http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/EN/Y2022/V30/I6/1174

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