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| Research Progress on Anti-tumor Nanovaccines |
| SHANG Yi-Yuan, GAO Meng-Yuan, WANG Yi-Fan, LI Chao-Jie, YU Lu-Ying, QIAN Jia-Miao, WANG Xu-Jiao, YANG Li-Dong, HUANG Rui-Zhi, DONG Xin-Wang, SUN Jing*, WU Yong-Shu* |
| College of Animal Science and Technology• College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University/Key Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology on Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang Province/Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Veterinary Diagnostics & Advanced Technology/Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management/Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory for One Health and Food Safety/China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou 311300, China |
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Abstract Cancer is a major disease that seriously threatens the health of humans and animals, and its treatment strategies are still under continuous exploration. Anti-tumor nanovaccines represent an emerging immunotherapy following monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cell therapy. This approach utilizes nanomaterials as carriers to assemble functional components such as antigens and adjuvants into nano-scale vaccine formulations. By mimicking pathogen characteristics, these vaccines effectively activate the host immune system's surveillance and clearance functions against tumor cells. This article systematically reviews recent advances in anti-tumor nanovaccines from four aspects: nanovaccine materials, tumor antigens, adjuvants, and combination therapies for enhanced efficacy. Based on this foundation, it particularly summarizes current research and applications of nanovaccines for tumors in livestock and poultry, and aims to provide theoretical references for the prevention and control of animal tumors and tumor immunotherapy in agricultural animals.
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Received: 07 April 2026
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Corresponding Authors:
*wuyongshu0224@zafu.edu.cn; jingsun@zafu.edu.cn
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