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| Based on Transcriptomic Analysis of the Mechanism of the Crooked Head Disease in the Pelophylax nigromaculata |
| REN Si-Qi1,2, CAI Zhuo1, ZHENG An-Rui1, YE Jia-Zheng1,2, TONG Wan-Qing1,2, LI Qian-Hui1,2, ZHENG Shan-Jian1,2* |
1 College of Bioscience, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Wildlife Biotechnology and Conservation and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China |
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Abstract Crooked head disease is one of the most harmful diseases in Pelophylax nigromaculata breeding. It has high mortality and strong infectivity. This disease has a high mortality rate and strong infectivity, causing significant losses in frog farming. Currently, there are no effective prevention or treatment methods for this disease. In view of the current breeding status of P. nigromaculata, it is necessary to explore the pathogenic mechanism of the crooked head disease in order to reduce the breeding risks of P. nigromaculata. In this study, the aseptic operation of P. nigromaculata suffering from the crooked head disease was inoculated with bacteria, and a dominant bacteria HBG0512 was isolated. The brain and liver tissues of diseased and healthy black spotted frogs were sequenced. The differentially expressed genes were obtained and analyzed by GO and KEGG, and the gene expression level was verified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that the HBG0512 strain isolated from the diseased P. nigromaculata was Elizabethkingia miricola. Transcriptome sequencing found 212 and 612 differential genes in the brain and liver tissues of the diseased and healthy P. nigromaculata. GO enrichment analysis showed abnormal expression of liver endoplasmic reticulum related genes and accumulation of pro-inflammatory factors in brain tissue. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) was abnormally expressed, which caused endoplasmic reticulum stress, and brain inflammatory response might be mediated by the IgE/FcεRI pathway. Inflammation occured in the liver and brain of P. nigromaculata with the crooked head disease, the liver endoplasmic reticulum receptor ATF6 gene was significantly down-regulated, the ability of endoplasmic reticulum folding reaction was decreased, and the accumulation of unfolded proteins led to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation; brain inflammation was mainly mediated by IgE/FcεRI, which led to the destruction of blood-brain barrier permeability and the occurrence of bacterial crooked head disease. This study revealed the pathogenic mechanism of head crookedness in P. nigromaculata through transcriptomics, provides reference ideas for disease prevention and control of frogs and other amphibians and reptiles.
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Received: 07 March 2024
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Corresponding Authors:
*zhengsj@zjnu.cn
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