贝莱斯芽胞杆菌ZF438菌株的鉴定及其发酵上清液对辣椒炭疽病的抑菌作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2023.10.016

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摘要辣椒炭疽病(pepper anthracnose)是辣椒(Capsicum annuum)生产中的三大病害之一,可引起辣椒落叶烂果,严重影响辣椒的产量和品质。目前,利用微生物生物防治辣椒炭疽病具有绿色环保且不产生耐药性的优势,是农业健康发展的必然趋势。本研究从辣椒根际土壤中分离到一株生防菌株ZF438 (CGMCC No. 22291),能够高效抑制辣椒炭疽病菌,通过形态学观察、生理生化特性测定及多基因系统发育树构建鉴定其为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。通过平板对峙试验检测ZF438菌株对8种病原真菌和9种病原细菌的抑制效果,发现其具有广谱抑菌活性。进一步测定ZF438菌株的抑菌活性物质在不同温度、pH、紫外照射、超声处理和生物酶中的抑菌稳定性,结果显示,其发酵上清液在4~40 ℃、pH 2.0~10.0、紫外线处理和超声波处理条件下呈现较高的抑菌稳定性。此外,对于辣椒离体果实和活体盆栽条件下,ZF438菌株接种使辣椒炭疽病的发病率和病情指数均显著降低(P<0.05),离体果实防效可达68.26%,活体盆栽防效可达47.93%。本研究验证了贝莱斯芽胞杆菌ZF438的生物学特征,证明其具有良好的生防潜力和应用前景,为辣椒炭疽病的生物防治提供了新的资源。

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	赵子璇
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	柴阿丽
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	李磊

关键词 ：贝莱斯芽胞杆菌, 辣椒炭疽病, 抑菌活性, 发酵上清液, 稳定性

Abstract：Pepper anthracnose is one of the 3 major diseases in pepper (Capsicum annuum) production, which can cause rotting fruit and seriously affect the yield and quality of pepper. At present, the use of biological control of pepper anthracnose has green environmental protection and does not produce drug resistance, which is the inevitable trend of agricultural development. In this study, a biocontrol strain ZF438 (CGMCC No. 22291) was isolated from the pepper rhizosphere soil samples. The strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on biological characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and multilocus sequence analysis. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of the strain on 8 pathogenic fungi and 9 pathogenic bacteria were determined by dual culture method, and the results showed that ZF438 had broad-spectrum inhibitory activity. The stability of the antibacterial active substance of strain ZF438 in different temperatures, pH, UV irradiation, ultrasonic treatment and proteases was determined by fermentation supernatant test. The fermentation supernatant showed high stability at 4~40 ℃, pH 2.0~10.0, UV treatment and ultrasonic treatment. The control efficacy of pepper fruits in vitro and potted plants in greenhouse was 68.26% and 47.93%, respectively. The incidence rate and disease index of pepper inoculated with ZF438 strain were significantly reduced. This study verifies the biological characteristics of Bacillus velezensis ZF438, and proves that the strain ZF438 has good biocontrol potential and application prospects, and is of new resources for the biological control of pepper anthracnose.

Key words： Bacillus velezensis Pepper anthracnose Antibacterial activity Fermentation supernatant Stability

收稿日期: 2022-10-24

ZTFLH:

S432.1

基金资助:财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助; 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS); 农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目(IVF2022)

通讯作者: **lilei01@caas.cn;libaojuivf@163.com

作者简介: *同等贡献作者

引用本文:

赵子璇, 曾先锋, 覃诗扬, 谢学文, 石延霞, 柴阿丽, 李宝聚, 李磊. 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌ZF438菌株的鉴定及其发酵上清液对辣椒炭疽病的抑菌作用[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2023, 31(10): 2163-2175.
ZHAO Zi-Xuan, ZENG Xian-Feng, QIN Shi-Yang, XIE Xue-Wen, SHI Yan-Xia, CHAI A-Li, LI Bao-Ju, LI Lei. Identification of Bacillus velezensis ZF438 and Its Antibacterial Effect of Fermentation Supernatant on Pepper Anthracnose. 农业生物技术学报, 2023, 31(10): 2163-2175.

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http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2023.10.016 或 http://journal05.magtech.org.cn/Jwk_ny/CN/Y2023/V31/I10/2163

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