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| Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine on Non-specific Immunity Parameters and Immune-related Gene Expressions in Spleen of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
| PAN Yu-Cai1, HUANG Jin-Qiang1,*, LI Yong-Juan2, WU Shen-Ji1, ZHAO Lu1, LEI Ming-Quan1, SUN Tong-Zhen1, WANG Xiao-Lan1 |
1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2 College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China |
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Abstract Traditional Chinese herbs are rich in active ingredients and have the properties of improving the immunity of the body, disease resistance and residue-free, and have been widely used in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of compound Chinese herbs medicine (composed of Astragalus radix, Codonopsis pilosula, Angelica sinensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Ophiopogon japonicas, Poria cocos, Lonicera japonica, Isatidis radix, Isatis indigotica Fortune, Hawthorn) on the non-specific immunity parameters and immune-related gene expressions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and provide scientific basis for the healthy culture. The 120 healthy rainbow trouts with an average weight (33.0 ± 2.8) g were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups; each group repeated the experiment 3 times and 10 rainbow trout per replicate. The fish were fed a basal diet supplemented with compound Chinese herbal medicine at concentrations of 0 (control group), 10, 20 and 30 g/kg, respectively. The feeding trial lasted 35 days. Subsequently, spleen tissue (4 per group) was collected at 7, 21 and 35 d of feeding to evaluate non-specific immune parameters. The expression of fifteen immune-related genes in spleen tissue was detected by qPCR after 35 d of feeding. The results showed that dietary compound Chinese herbal medicine significantly increased the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP) and lysozyme (LZM) in the rainbow trout spleen on the 7th, 21th and 35th day (P<0.05), and the 20 g/kg supplemental groups showed the best results. Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the spleen was significantly lower in the compound Chinese herbal medicine treatment groups than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the 30 g/kg supplemental group showed the best results. Moreover, the gene expression data indicate that dietary compound Chinese herbal medicine significantly upregulated the expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3), Toll-like receptor 7 (tlr7), medullary differentiation factor 88 (myd88), interleukin-1β (il-1β), nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor alpha (nfkbia) in the 20 g/kg supplemental group (P<0.05). The tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) gene expression in the treatment group was no difference compared to the control group and Toll-like receptor 8 (tlr8) gene was significantly upregulated in the 30 g/kg supplemental group (P<0.05). Additionally, immune-related genes included melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (mda5), RIG-I-like receptor 2 (lgp2), interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3), interferon regulatory factor 7 (irf7), interleukin-8 (il-8), interferon-β (ifn-β), janus kinase 1 (jak1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (stat1) in the 20 g/kg supplemental group were significantly upregulated (P<0.05). In conclusion, the current results indicated that a diet supplemented with compound Chinese herbal medicine has positive effects on non-specific immune responses of rainbow trout, it suggested that the best adding level was 20 g/kg. This study provides a scientific basis for promoting the rational application and development of compound Chinese herbal immunostimulants in aquaculture.
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Received: 20 October 2021
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Corresponding Authors:
*huangjq@gsau.edu.cn
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