Effect of Transport Stress on Pathological Injury and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Liver and Kidney in Goats (Capra hircus)
ZHENG Wen-Ya1,2, ZHANG Zhi-Tao2, MEI Ting2, LIU Ben2, HU Wei2, CUI Yan1,*
1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2 College of Life Science and Resources and Environment/Laboratory for Disease Control of Beef Cattle and Sheep, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
Abstract As the demand for goat (Capra hircus) products increased, the long-distance transportation of goats increased, and the transport stress would cause weight and meat quality decline, immunity decline, disease and even death of goats, and the management of goats during the transport would affect the profitability and animal welfare. The effects of transport stress on the microstructure and ultrastructure as well as the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) of liver and kidney of goats were investigated. 12 healthy male goats from West Jiangxi were randomly divided into control group, 2 h transport stress group and 6 h transport stress group. HE staining, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to analyze the degree of injury and the distribution and expression of HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90 of liver and kidney in goats at different transport time. The results of microscopic and ultramicroscopic observation showed that different degrees of injury of the liver and kidney in the transportation stress group occurred. In the liver, hepatocytes showed obvious granule and vesicular degeneration, and part of chromatin aggregated in cell nuclei. In the kidney, the structure of renal tubules and collecting tubules were collapsed, the glomeruli were hyperemic and swollen, and the renal capsule lumen was narrowed. Moreover, the mitochondria in the cells of liver and kidney were both swollen and deformed, and the cristae was fractured and disappeared. The number of mitochondria was reduced, and some mitochondria even underwent membrane structure rupture due to swelling and vacuolation. The lesions of 6 h transport stress group were more serious, some liver cells showed nuclear lysis, and the damage degree of lumen and glomerular cells was also more serious. Immunohistochemical results showed that 3 HSP were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes near the central vein and portal area, while in the kidney, the expressions were mainly in the renal tubules and collecting tubules, and the expressions were stronger in the transport group. In addition, HSP27 also showed strong positive results in vascular endothelium and bile duct cells in the liver and renal corpuscles in the transport group. Western blot results showed that there were no significant differences in the expression of these 3 HSPs in the liver and kidney between 2 and 6 h transport stress group (P>0.05), and the expression of HSP90 in liver between transport group and control group was also no significant differences (P>0.05). The expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 in liver in 2 and 6 h transport stress groups were extremely significantly (P<0.01) and significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control group, respectively. In the kidney, the expressions of HSP27 and HSP90 in 2 and 6 h transportation stress groups were both extremely significantly (P<0.01) higher than the control group, and the expressions of HSP70 in 2 and 6 h transport stress groups were significantly (P<0.05) and extremely significantly (P<0.01) higher than the control group, respectively. In conclusion, transport stress caused severe pathological damages to the liver and kidney of goats, and the damages worsened with the extension of transport time. These 3 HSP were distributed differently in liver and kidney. The expression levels of HSP27 and HSP70 in goat liver and kidney were both significantly increased after transport stress, which improved the stress resistance of hepatorenal cells. The results provide theoretical reference for the further study of solutions of goat transport stress.
ZHENG Wen-Ya,ZHANG Zhi-Tao,MEI Ting, et al. Effect of Transport Stress on Pathological Injury and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Liver and Kidney in Goats (Capra hircus)[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2019, 27(10): 1769-1781.
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