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| Research Advances in the Source, Evolution and Function of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone 3 (GnRH3) in Fish |
| SUN Jing1, 3, SUN Ai2, 3, WU Li-Xin1, HU Hong-Xia2, 3, * |
1 College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;
2 Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing 100068, China;
3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing 100068, China |
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Abstract Gonadotropin releasing hormone 3 (GnRH3) is a member of the gonadotropin releasing hormone family. GnRH3 has been derived from an earlier genome duplication in an ancestral vertebrate, followed by its loss in the tetrapod lineage,so it has been a unique GnRH type in fish. GnRH3 of fish has a classical decapeptide structure, which plays a crucial regulatory role in maturation of gonads and sensory regulation of fish by binding to gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors. This paper discusses from the following four parts. 1. Structure of GnRH3: It is composed of 3 introns and 4 exons. Non-coding regions and introns are different from vertebrates, but the coding regions are highly conserved; 2. Source of GnRH3: It was generated in two rounds of genome replication events and ultimately reserved in fish; 3. Production and migration of GnRH3: GnRH3 neurons in the olfactory area and the ectoderm of the embryo eventually migrated to the preoptic area and the ventral brain; 4. Research progress of GnRH3. In this paper, the research progress of GnRH3 was reviewed, and the future development prospect was prospected, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of fish reproduction.
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Received: 08 December 2018
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Corresponding Authors:
huhongxiazh@163.com
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