Abstract The germplasm 24-3-1 is a wheat (Triticum aestivum)-Psathyrostachys huashanica disomic alien addition line which is selected by means of chromosome engineering, and has high resistance to wheat stripe rust. In order to improve its genetic stability, and promote the effective utilization of the agronomic genes of Psathyrostachys huashanica, 24-3-1 was treated by ethylmethylsulfone (EMS) for inducing translocation lines. M2 plants with translocation chromosomes were identified by cytology analysis and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and the inductive effect of different concentrations of EMS was analyzed. This study identified 61 plants with wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica translocation chromosomes from 930 M2 plants, and the translocation frequency was 6.56%. Of the 61 plants, 7 plants were detected with 1 translocation chromosome and 5 plants with 1 translocation chromosome and 1 Psathyrostachys huashanica chromosome; in addition, 20 plants, 3 plants, and 26 plants were detected with 2, 3 and 4 translocation chromosomes, respectively. The cytological observation of root-tip cell and GISH analysis indicated that the plants with 2 translocation chromosomes were wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica translocation lines; and the plants with 4 translocation chromosomes were wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica translocation-translocation addition lines. This study also showed that 1.0% EMS was an optimal concentration to induce wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica chromosome translocation. Furthermore, the research not only provides important genetic resources for wheat special genetic materials establishment, but also provides new germplasms in wheat breeding.
JING Fan,YU Liang-Meng,WU Jun, et al. Study on Inducing Chromosome Translocation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)-Psathyrostachys huashanica Using Ethylmethylsulfone (EMS)[J]. , 2015, 23(5): 561-570.
陈漱阳, 张安静,傅杰. 1991. 普通小麦与华山新麦草的杂交[J]. 遗传学报, 18(6): 508-512+579. (Chen S Y, Zhang A J, Fu J. 1991. The hybridiz ation between Tritcum aestivum and Psathyr ostachys huashanica[J]. Acta Genet ica Sinica, 18(6): 508-512+579.) 陈漱阳, 侯文胜, 张安静, 等. 1996. 普通小麦－华山新麦草异附加系的选育及细胞遗传学研究[J]. 遗传学报, 23(6): 447-452+488. (Chen S Y, Hou W S, Zhang A J, et al. 1996. Breeding and cytogenetic study of Triticum aestivum-Psathyrostachys huashanica alien addtion lines[J]. Acta Genet ica Sinica, 23(6): 447-452+488.) 赵继新, 陈新宏, 王小利, 等. 2004. 普通小麦-华山新麦草异代换系的分子细胞遗传学研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 24(12): 2277-2281. (Zhao J X, Chen X H, Wang X L, et al. 2004. Molecular cytogentic study on the alien substitution lines of Triticum -Psathyrostachys[J]. Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occident. Sin. 24(12): 2277-2281.) 赵继新, 陈新宏, 王小利, 等. 2003. 普通小麦-华山新麦草异代换系和附加系的C-分带鉴定[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 31(6): 1-4. (Zhao J X, Chen X H, Wang X L, et al. 2003. Identification of the substitution and additional lines of Triticum -Psathyrostachys by C-banding[J]. Jour. of North west Sci-Tech Univ. of Agri. and For. (Nat. Sci. Ed.), 31(6): 1-4.) 侯文胜, 张安静, 杨群慧, 等. 1997. 普通小麦-华山新麦草异代换系的选育及细胞遗传学研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 17(3): 368-373. (Hou W S, Zhang A J, Yang Q H, et al. 1997. Breeding and cytogenetic study of Triticum aestivum-Psathyrostachys huashanica alien substitution lines[J]. Acta Bot. Boreal, 17(3): 368-373.) 武军, 赵继新, 陈新宏, 等. 2007. 普通小麦-华山新麦草异附加系的SSR分析[J]. 河北农业大学学报, 30(4): 9-12+18. (Wu J, Zhao J X, Chen X H, et al. 2007. SSR ananysis on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) -Psathyrostachys huashanica alien addtion lines[J]. Journal of Agricultural University of HeBei, 30(4): 9-12+18.) 武军, 赵继新, 陈新宏, 等. 2007. 普通小麦-华山新麦草衍生后代的细胞学特点及GISH分析[J]. 麦类作物学报, 27(5): 772-775. (Wu J, Zhao J X, Chen X H, et al. 2007. Cytology characteristic and GISH analysis on the progenies derived from common wheat(T. aestivum L.)×Psathyrostachys huashanica[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 27(5): 772-775.) Du W L, Wang J, Wang L M, et al. 2014. Molecular characterization of a wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng 2Ns disomic addition line with resistance to stripe rust[J]. Mol Genet Genomics. Du W L, Wang J, Pang Y H, et al. 2014. Development and application of PCR markers specific to the 1Ns chromosome of Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng with leaf rust resistance[J]. Euphytica. Du W L, Wang J, Pang Y H, et al. 2014. Isolation and characterization of a wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica 'Keng' 3Ns disomic addition line with resistance to stripe rust[J]. Genome, 57(1): 37-44. Du W L, Wang J, Lu M, et al. 2014. Characterization of a wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng 4Ns disomic addition line for enhanced tiller numbers and stripe rust resistance[J]. Planta, 239(1): 97-105. Du W L, Wang J, Lu M, et al. 2013. Molecular cytogenetic identification of a wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng 5Ns disomic addition line with stripe rust resistance[J]. Molecular Breeding, 31(4): 879-888. 周荣华, 贾继增, 董玉琛, 等. 1997. 用基因组原位杂交技术检测小麦-新麦草杂交后代[J]. 中国科学C辑:生命科学, 27(6): 543-549. (Zhou R H, Jia J Z, Dong Y S, et al. 1997. Detecting the wheat-Psathyrostachys juncea filial generation by GISH[J]. Science China(series C), 27(6): 543-549.) 苏佳妮, 武军, 赵继新, 等. 2014. 小麦-华山新麦草易位系24-6的鉴定[J]. 麦类作物学报, 34(5): 615-620. (Su J N, Wu J, Zhao J X, et al. 2014. The Identification of a Translocation Line 24-6 from Wheat- Psathyrostachys huashanica Hybrid Offsprings[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crop, 34(5): 615-620.) Sears E R. 1952. Misdivision of univalents in common wheat[J]. Chromosoma. 4: 535-550 李洪杰, 郭北海, 张艳敏, 等. 2000. 利用组织培养和辐射诱变创造高频率小麦与簇毛麦染色体易位[J]. 遗传学报, 27(6): 511-519. (Li H J, Guo B H, Zhang Y M, et al. 2000. Using tissue culture and radiation to induce and create high frequency wheat- Dasypyrum chromosome translocation[J]. Acta Genetica Sinica, 27(6): 511-519.) 袁建华, 陈佩度,刘大钧. 2003. 利用杀配子染色体创造普通小麦-大赖草异易位系[J]. 中国科学(C辑:生命科学), 33(2): 110-116+193. (Yuan J H, Chen P D, Liu D J. 2003. Using gametocidal chromosome to create common wheat-Leylmus racemosus translocation lines[J]. Science China(series C), 33(2):110-116+193.) 李淑梅, 程万莲,马俊. 2007. 利用Ph基因诱导小麦外源染色体易位[J]. 安徽农业科学, 35(20): 6094-6095. (Li S M, Cheng W L, Ma J. 2007. Wheat Alien Chromosome Translocation Induced by Ph Gene[J]. Journal of Anhui Agri. Sci., 35(20): 6094-6095.) Sears E R, Sears L M S, Ramanujam S. 1978. The telocentric chromosomes of common wheat. Proc 5th Int Wheat Genet Symp. 陈洋, 高兰英, 邵艳军, 等. 2011. EMS诱导小麦易位系YW642突变体的鉴定与分子标记分析[J]. 核农学报, 25(4): 617-621+651. (Chen Y, Gao L Y, Shao Y J, et al. 2011. Phenotypic identification and molecular analysis of a wheat line mutant YW642 induced by EMS[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 25(4): 617-621+651.) Pushpa K. 1980. EMS induced A and B chromosome translocation in pearl millet[J]. Proc. Indian Aead. Sci., 89: 37-41 赵天祥, 孔秀英, 周荣华, 等. 2009. EMS诱变六倍体小麦偃展4110的形态突变体鉴定与分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 42(3): 755-764. (Zhao T X, Kong X Y, Zhou R H, et al. 2009. Morphological identification and analysis of EMS mutants from hexaploid wheat cultivar Yanzhan 4110. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 42(3): 755-764.) 杜丽芬, 李明飞, 刘录祥, 等. 2014. 一个化学诱变的小麦斑点叶突变体的生理和遗传分析[J]. 作物学报, 40(6): 1020-1026. (Du L F, Li M F, Liu L X, et al. 2014. Physiological characteristics and genetic analysis on a spotted-leaf wheat derived from chemical mutation[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 40(6): 1020-1026.) Friebe B, Jiang J, Gill B S, et al. 1993. Radiation-induced nonhomoeologous wheat-Agropyron intermedium chromosomal translocations conferring resistance to leaf rust[J]. Theor Appl Genet, 86: 141-149. Cotá-Sanchez J H, Remarchuk K,Ubayasene K. 2006. Ready-to-Use DNA Extracted with a CTAB Method Adapted for Herbarium Specimens and Mucilaginous Plant Tissue[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 24:161-167. Han F, Liu B, Fedak G, et al. 2004. Genomic constitution and variation in five partial amphiploids of wheat--Thinopyrum intermedium as revealed by GISH, multicolor GISH and seed storage protein analysis[J]. Theor Appl Genet, 109(5): 1070-1076. 李宇欣, 张利国, 厉永鹏, 等. 2013. 小麦-黑麦二体代换系间杂交诱导染色体易位的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 29(30): 41-44. (Li Y X, Zhang L G, Li Y P, et al. 2013. The study on induced chromosome translocation by hybridized among wheat-Rye disomic substitution lines[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 29(30): 41-44.) 王静, 王献平, 纪军, 等. 2006. 小麦-黑麦1RS/1BL新易位系的创制和分子细胞遗传学鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 32(1): 30-33+159. (Wang J, Wang X P, Ji J, et al. 2006. Creation of novel wheat-rye 1BS/1RS translocation lines and characterization by molecular cytogenetics[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 32(1): 30-33+159.) Sears E R. 1972. Chromosome engineering in wheat[J]. Stadler Symposia Univ of Missouri Columbia. 王洪刚, 朱军,刘树兵. 2001. 利用细胞学和RAPD技术鉴定抗病小偃麦易位系[J]. 作物学报, 27(6): 886-890. (Wang H G, Zhu J, Liu S B. 2001. Identif ication of Tritelytrigia translocation line with disease resistance by cytology and RAPD analysis[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 27(6): 886-890.) 陈全战, 王官锋, 陈华锋, 等. 2007. 普通小麦-簇毛麦易位系T4VS?4VL-4AL的选育与鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 33(6): 871-877. (Chen Q Z, Wang G F, Chen H F, et al. 2007. Development and characterization of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa translocation line T4VS?4VL-4AL[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 33(6): 871-877.) 孙树贵, 刘淑会, 鲁敏, 等. 2014. 小麦-大麦矮秆易位系T2DL?2HS的鉴定[J]. 西北植物学报, 34(1): 21-25. (Sun S G, Liu S H, Lu M, et al. 2014. Identification of a dwarf translocation line T2DL?2HS from wheat-Barley descendants[J]. Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occident. Sin. 34(1): 21-25.) 童一中,褚圻. 1983. 小麦细胞遗传学[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, pp 126-127. (Tong Y Z, Chu Q. 1983 Wheat cell genetics[M]. Beijing: Agriculture Press. pp 126-127.) 许云峰, 蒋方山, 郭营, 等. 2008. EMS诱导小麦品种烟农15 突变体的鉴定和EST-SSR分析[J]. 核农学报, 22(4): 410-414. (Xu Y F, Jiang F S, Guo Y, et al. 2008. Identification and EST-SSR analysis of mutants from wheat variety "Yannong15" induced by EMS[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 22(4): 410-414.) 李卫华, 胡志伟, 褚红雷, 等. 2011. EMS对小麦产量性状和农艺性状诱变效应的研究[J]. 种子, 30(2): 41-44. (Study on the mutagenic effect of EMS on yield Traits and agronomic characters of the wheat[J]. Seeds, 30(2): 41-44.) 梁劬, 王琳青. 1988. 60Coγ射线与EMS复合处理小麦的诱变效应[J]. 中国核情报中心, 1-14. (Liang Q, Wang L Q. 1988. Muta genc effect of 60CoγGamma ray combined with EMS in wheat[J]. Institute for application of atommic energy, 1-14.) 安学丽, 蔡一林, 王久光, 等. 2003. 化学诱变及其在农作物育种上的应用[J]. 核农学报, 17(3): 239-242. (An X L, Cai Y L, Wang J G, et al. 2003. Chemical mutagen and it's application in plant breeding[J]. Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica, 2003, 17(3): 239-242) 英加, 李滨, 穆素梅, 等. 2001. 蓝粒小麦易位系的荧光原位杂交鉴定[J]. 植物学报, 43(2): 164-168. (Ying J, Li B, Mu S M, et al. 2001. Identification of blue-grained wheat translocation lines using fluorescence in situ hybridization[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 43(2): 164-168.) 陈升位, 陈佩度,王秀娥. 2008. 利用电离辐射处理整臂易位系成熟雌配子诱导外源染色体小片段易位[J]. 中国科学(C辑:生命科学), 38(3): 215-220.(Chen S W, Chen P D, Wang X E. 2008. Using the mature female gamete of whole arm translocation lines to induce exogenous small fragments chromosome translocation by ionizing radiation[J]. Science China(series C) , 38(3): 215-220.) 吴关庭,夏英武. 1994. 辐射诱发染色体易位及其育种利用. 核农学通报, 3: 142-146. (Wu G T, Xia Y W. 1994. Using radiation induced chromosome translocation and breeding. Nuclear Agronomy Notification, 3: 142-146.) 别同德, 汪乐, 何华纲, 等. 2007. 一个花粉辐射诱导的小麦-簇毛麦相互易位染色体系的分子细胞遗传学研究[J]. 作物学报, 39(9): 1432-1438. (Bie T D, Wang L, He H G, et al. 2007. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of a Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa reciprocal chromosomal translocation induced by pollen irradiation. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 39(9): 1432-1438.)
