Abstract：Molecular marker technique has become the important tool for genetic diversity analysis. Miniature inverted-repeat transposable element(MITE) transposable marker is a type of PCR marker with high polymorphism and easy detection by agarose gel electrophoresis in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.). 33 pairs of AhTE primers were used to amplify 115 peanut accessions (including 26 varieties and 89 advanced generation lines), 31 pairs got better results and each pair produced 1~3 bands with average bands of 1.84. Out of 57 bands amplified among 115 peanut accessions, 54 bands were polymorphic with polymorphic ratio of 96.49%. Average coefficient of genetic similarity(GS) was 0.6902 ranged from 0.4035 to 0.9825. The maximal GS was from peanut variety Mi-2 and Mi-3 and minimum was from lines F0316-1-1 and H0502-5-2-1. Cluster analysis was carried out using NTSYS-pc V2.10 software based on unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA). At the GS of 0.65, all accessions were classified into 3 groups A, B and C. Group A consisted of 9 varieties and 11 lines, Group B was made up of 94 accessions including 16 varieties and 78 lines, and Group C had only one line NP13-2-1-3. Lines derived from same hybridization combination or varieties from same province were clustered into one group, which showed genetic relationship evaluated by MITE transposable markers consisted with their pedigree or origin. Results above suggested that AhMITE transposable marker is a useful marker for genetic diversity of peanut varieties and lines.The study also revealed that it is worth considering the use of AhMITE as DNA markers, AhMITE has many useful characteristics that other DNA markers do not have, it will contribute to the construction of linkage maps, evolutionary studies on the Arachis genome, and as a convenient tool for molecular breeding, it can assist in the progression of genetics, genomics and the breeding of peanut and its relatives.
