Abstract：Abstract In order to reveal the relationship between three key genes related to ubiquitin-26S proteasome pathway (UPP) and physiological male sterility of wheat(Triticum aestivum), the pure lines of Xinong 1376 and Xinong 2611 with different genetic background were employed to develop two pairs of near-isogenic physiological lines by new Chemical hybrid agents (CHA) SQ-1, and RT-PCR technique was performed to obtain the expression patterns of the three key genes in sterile and fertile anthers at different development stages. The results showed that the transcripts abundance of gene Urm1 (ubiquitin-related modifier 1）in sterile anther significantly increased compared to that in fertile anther for both Xinong1376 and Xinong2611 at different developmental stages; the transcripts abundance of ubiquitin fusion gene S27a increased obviously only in sterile anther of Xinong2611, but increased slightly in sterile anther of Xinong 1376, at all development stage in comparison with fertile anther; the F-box protein in sterile anthers of the two varieties was clearly up-regulated expressed, even specially expressed at key abortion periods of pollen, mononucleated anaphase stage to binucleated stage, but that was expressed weakly in both fertile and sterile anther at mononucleated prophase stage and trinucleated stage. Hereby, it is proved that the transcripts of the three genes in the sterile anthers studied in the paper and increased in transcript abundance are closely related to aborted pollen, and the genes are the promoters for pollen abortion of wheat physiological male sterility induced by CHA SQ-1.
