Abstract：Abstract: With two melon hybrid F1s ‘Dongfangmi1’, ‘Dongfangmi2’ and their parental lines and some hybrids (having the same female and different male parents compared with the two hybrid F1s) as materials, the method of melon hybrids purity test quickly by SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers was studied. Results showed that there was a high polymorphism between two melon hybrids and their parents by using SSR markers. Special SSR primers were selected that could identify female parent inbred lines from true hybrids quickly and correctly. The purity of 3 groups of melon hybrid seeds tested by SSR was identical to that tested by field. However, as to the two melon hybrid F1s and some of their uterine hybrids, they couldn’t be distinguished completely by single special SSR primer. Most of them could be distinguished by assemble SSR primers except the hybrids which had similar genetic background with the two hybrid F1s.
