Bioinformatics Analysis and Expression Regulation of Chicken (Gallus gallus) FADS Gene Family
ZHANG Ding-Ding, LI Zhuan-Jian, HAN Rui-Li, WANG Yang-Bin, LI Guo-Xi, LIU Xiao-Jun, TIAN Ya-Dong, SUN Gui-Rong, KANG Xiang-Tao*, LI Hong*
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University/Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Abstract：Fatty acid desaturases (FADS) play an important role in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and their expressions are affected by many factors. Bioinformatics softwares were used to systematically analyze the collinearity, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, conserved motifs and functional domains of chicken (Gallus gallus) FADS gene family members. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was adopted to analyze the spatio-temporal expression of FADS gene family. The effects of estrogen and trophic factor on the expressions of the FADS gene family members in vivo were also investigated. The research results showed that FADS3 gene might not exist or annotated in poultry, while FADS1L1 and FADS1L2 were only found in poultry. The FADS6 located chromosome segment region was conserved among species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the FADS6 genes of different species were clustered into one branch, and other members were clustered into another branch. The gene structure analysis and conserved motif analysis showed that the FADS6 gene was greatly different from other members of the family in exon number and the composition of conserved motif among species. The protein domain prediction results indicated that except FADS6, FADS1, FADS2, FADS1L1 and FADS1L2 genes owned the same functional structural domain. The tissues expression analysis showed FADS gene family members were widely expressed in different tissues. FADS1, FADS2 and FADS6 were relative highly expressed in the liver, FADS1L1 in the pectoral muscle. and FADS2L2 in the pancreas. The expression of FADS gene family in the liver of hens at the 30-week-old was significantly higher than that at 20-week-old (P<0.05). In vivo assays displayed that 17β-estradiol could significantly up-regulate the expressions of FADS1, FADS2 and FADS1L1 in chicken liver (P<0.05); and the addition of 8% soybean oil in the basal diet could significantly increase the expression of FADS2 in the chicken liver (P<0.05). In summary, this study comprehensively and systematically analyzed the biological characteristics of FADS gene family, and the effects of 17β-estradiol and soybean oil on their expressions which laid a foundation for further studying on the mechanism of FADS gene family.
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