Abstract：Abstract The growth and development of stem could be induced and changed by the infection of Ustilago esculenta in Zizania latifolia, but the regulatory of swollen stem is still unclear. In this research, Z. latifolia WRKY transcription factor 72 (ZlWRKY72) (GenBank number: MG365889) was cloned with full DNA length of 2 831 bp with one intron. The full length of its cDNA was 1 085 bp with a 738 bp of ORF coding frame encoding 245 amino acids, the typical structure domain of WRKYGQK and a zinc finger structure of Cys2.His2 were found in ZlWRKY72. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the ZlWRKY72 has the highest homology with Oryza sativa subsp. japonica OsWRKY72. Expression analysis showed that the higher expressions of ZlWRKY72 during the development of swollen stem of Z. latifolia, liking the higher expression in leaves than stems at tillering stage seedling (P＜0.05), while the higher expression in stems than leaves at stage of initiation swollen using qRT-PCR (P＜0.05). The expression of ZlWRKY72 in stem was related to the successfully infection and reproduction of U. esculenta. After the initiation of swollen stem, the higher expression of ZlWRKY72 were detected in the stem of Jiaobai than grey Jiaobai (P＜0.05), which was reduced significantly during the development of swollen stem in Jiaobai (P＜0.05). The expression of ZlWRKY72 were higher in male Z. latifolia than Jiaobai during the initiation of swollen. It was found that the reduction expression of ZlWRKY72 occurred following with the increasing hypha reproduction of U. esculenta in stem. The expression responses and regulation of ZlWRKY72 are investigated and discussed during the development of swollen stem in Z. latifolia, which might be used in the research of swollen stem. It provides a theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of swelling development of Zizania latifolia.
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