Replacement of Glutamine with Alanyl-glutamine Dipeptide Enhances the Developmental Competence of Porcine(Sus scrofa) Embryos Produced by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
Abstract：Porcine oocytes in vitro maturation and embryos in vitro culture are of great importance for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and isolation of porcine embryonic stem cells. Optimizing the in vitro culture medium will greatly facilitate the development of SCNT and IVF embryos. Glutamine (Gln) is the most abundant amino acid in porcine follicular fluid and is constantly used as an energy substrate throughout embryos development. But Gln is inherently unstable and spontaneously breaks down into ammonia, therefore interferes with proper development. This study compared the maturation efficiency and developmental competence of porcine oocytes and embryos, which were produced by parthenogenetic activation or SCNT and cultured in alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) dipeptide or Gln containing medium. The results showed that Ala-Gln had no obvious effect on pig oocytes maturation((45.94±2.38)% vs (45.06±2.43)%), but improveed blastocyst formation rates((20.81±3.65)% vs (13.87±4.72)%) and blastocyst cell number (51.00±4.23 vs 37.71±3.94) of parthenogenetic embryos. At the same time, Ala-Gln could significantly improve the blastocyst formation rates((25.28±1.26)% vs (17.27±1.29)%) and cleavage rates((41.58±8.90)% vs (31.20±5.56)% for 24 h cleavage rate and (54.38±9.20)% vs (41.83±9.04)% for 48 h cleavage rate) of SCNT embryos. This study provides a new method to improve development competence of pig SCNT embryos.
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