Abstract：The Qinchuan cattle is mainly breeding in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province, and has good reputation for its purple hair, capacity for drafting as well as superior performance in growth and productivity. The governments and scientific researchers have put significant emphasis on improvement and industrialization of Qinchuan cattle. The process of breeding and improving has been accelerated into the direction of producing beef instead of laboring. With maintaining the inherent advantages of Qinchuan cattle as the basic breed，new strain with significant advances in shape and meat performance has been bred by Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University through more than 30 years. Meanwhile, by introducing the foreign breeds, crossbred breeds were well developed to improve the meat performance. Qinchuan beef industry has fundamentally taken shaped and brought significantly benefits to both economy and society. In this article, the process of selection and improvement, features and popularization situation of the new strain of Qinchuan cattle were introduced. Critical issues related to key techniques have been discussed in yellow cattle selection and improvement in China. This paper will be very important to guide the improvement and industrialization of Chinese indigenous cattle, and promote the development of China beef cattle breeding industry.
