Abstract：Toll like receptor 1 (TLR1) is one of the important immune genes for cattle (Bos taurus), which has significant effects on immune recognition and inflammatory reponse. To investigate the correlation between the SNPs in the promoter region of TLR1 gene and somatic cell score (SCS), clinical mastitis (CM) and milking traits for Chinese Holstein cattle, the SNP in the promoter region of TLR1 gene was screened by PCR and direct sequencing for 20 cows with low SCS and 20 cows with high SCS. Finally, TLR1-245 G＞T for 866 Chinese Holstein cattle were detected using flight mass spectrometry. The SCS, CM and milking traits of tested cattles were collected from the management system of dairy farm. The correlation between the SNPs and these traits of tested cattles was analyzed using multi-factor variance analysis. The results showed that only one transcription factor binding site for TLR1-245 G＞T site (TATA binding protein, TBP) was found. The dominant genotype and gene of TLR1-245 were GT and T, and their frequencies were 0.487 and 0.584, respectively. The distribution of genotype was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. TLR1-245 G＞T showed extremely significant correlation with test-day milk yield (TDMY) and SCS (P＜0.01), and no significant correlation with fat content (FC), protein content (PC), lactose content (LC), total solid (TS) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) (P＞0.05). The individuals cattles with TT genotype had higher TDMY than that of GG and GT, and individuals cattles with GG genotype had the lowest TDMY. The SCS for individuals cattles with GG genotype were significantly higher than that of GT and TT genotype (P＜0.05). TLR1-245 G＞T showed significant correlation with the number of cattle suffering from CM (P＜0.05), and the number of cattle suffering from CM for individuals with TT genotype was significantly lower than that of GG and GT genotype (P＜0.05). These results provide a reference for the increase of milk yield and the control of SCS in Chinese Holstein cattles.
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