Abstract：Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection would lead to suboptimal innate immune responses and a weaker adaptive immune response, thus increasing the susceptibility to secondary infection and weakening the body's resistance to diseases. The signaling pathway of nuclear factor-κappaB (NF-κB) plays an important role in the viral infection and diseasees development by regulating host innate immune response and cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It has been proved that some non-structural proteins (Nsps) of PRRSV can inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in early infection, host innate immune response would be suppressed when the transcriptional expression of genes regulated by NF-κB did not happen or reduced, such as proinflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, chemokines and acute reactive protein. All above revealed that the NF-κB could play a key role in PRRSV infection. In this paper, we make a brief summary of the NF-κB signaling pathway activation and function and the role of NF-κB in the antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), innate immune response, apoptosis of alveolar macrophages, and pulmonary injury PRRSV infection caused, also the non-structural proteins (Nsps) influences on NF-κB signal pathway were expounded. This paper can provide some new ideas for control strategies and vaccine researches of PRRSV.
