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| Research Progress on Sex Determination and Differentiation in Sturgeons(Acipenseriformes) |
| WANG Xin-Yu1,2, YAN Xiao-Yu2,3, BAI Song2,3, DONG Tian2,3, WU Li-Xin1, WANG Wei2,3,*, HU Hong-Xia1,2,3,* |
1 College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China;
2 Fisheries Science Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing 100068, China;
3 Key Laboratory of Sturgeon "Genetics and Breeding", Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311799, China |
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Abstract Sturgeon (Acipenseriformes) is one of the oldest groups of bony fish and holds an important position in the evolutionary history of vertebrates. Most sturgeon species follow a ZW-type female heterogametic sex-determination system, although this is not the only mechanism involved. Slow progress in sturgeon sex differentiation research is attributed to the lack of obvious sexual dimorphism and the long gonadal development cycle. In recent years, various techniques have been employed to screen for candidate genes associated with sex in sturgeon, but no major sex-determining gene has been identified. Since female sturgeon produce roe with higher market value, research into sex control mechanisms has significant potential for applications in breeding and sex regulation. This review systematically summarizes research on sex determination and differentiation in sturgeon, with a focus on the role of transcription factors and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) family genes in the process of sex determination and differentiation. The aim is to provide insights into sturgeon sex determination and differentiation, deepen our understanding of the evolutionary history of sex determination mechanisms in vertebrates, and provide a theoretical basis for sex control breeding in sturgeon.
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Received: 11 October 2025
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Corresponding Authors:
* wwei@baafs.net.cn; huhongxiazh@163.com
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