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| Gene Cloning of ZlNAC105 and Expression Analysis of Its Participation in Ustilago esculenta Infection-Induced Stem Development in Zizania latifolia Plants |
| ZHOU Ya-Ping, WANG Jing, XIA Shu-Qian, MA Ying-Ran, WEI Hao-Nan, CUI Hai-Feng* |
| College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University/Key Laboratory of the State Administration for Market Regulation (Microbiological Metrology Measurement & Bio-product Quality Security), Hangzhou 310018, China |
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Abstract NAC transcription factors play an important role in regulating the response to both biotic and abiotic stresses during the plant growth and development. They are actively involved in the regulation of secondary cell wall biosynthesis and deposition. In this study, the ZlNAC105 gene (GenBank No. PP437561) was cloned from Zizania latifolia. The full-length cDNA sequence was 972 bp, encoding a 323 amino acid protein containing a conserved NAM domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZlNAC105 shared the highest sequence similarity with its ortholog in Oryza brachyantha. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that ZlNAC105 exhibited the highest expression level in the stems of 'Wujiang wild jiaobai', and could be induced by Ustilago esculenta infection, showing significant upregulation (P<0.05) at 10 d post-inoculation, which was consistent with the previously reported results of ZlNAC29. Furthermore, expression analysis of ZlNAC105 during different developmental stages of stem swelling in Z. latifolia demonstrated that the expression level in the stems of 'Longjiao No.2' at the 8-leaf stage was significantly higher than that in 'Wujiang wild jiaobai' (P<0.05). During the swelling of stem development, ZlNAC105 expression was significantly downregulated in the upper, middle, and lower internodes of aged stems of Z. latifolia with higher lignification degrees, as well as in the floral tubes (P<0.05). In the middle-lower internodes of swollen stems, ZlNAC105 expression was significantly higher in 10 cm swelling stems compared with late swelling stages and aged Z. latifolia (P<0.05). Combined with scanning electron microscopy observations, ZlNAC105 exhibited lower expression levels in highly lignified swollen fleshy stems, demonstrating a generally negative correlation with the degree of stem lignification. Notably, this expression pattern showed significant dif-ferences compared with the previously reported expression profile of ZlNAC29. These results demonstrated that ZlNAC105 responded to the infection of U. esculenta and participated in regulating the stem lignification of Z. latifolia, potentially playing a crucial role in secondary cell wall biosynthesis and thickening. This study provides theoretical foundations for understanding the mechanism by which U. esculenta infection regulates stem swelling development in Z. latifolia.
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Received: 21 April 2025
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Corresponding Authors:
*hfcui@cjlu.edu.cn
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