Abstract：Allitride is an important secondary metabolite in garlic (Allium sativium), which has an important effect on its flavor quality. Sulfur, as one of the essential elements for plant growth, is involved in the synthesis of allitride. In order to determine the effect of leaf surface sulfur application on allitride accumulation and expression of related genes of allitride synthesis, garlic varieties 'Zhengyuezao' with low allitride content and 'Siliuban' with high allitride content were used as materials, the leaves were sprayed with 6 g/L potassium sulfate solution, the content of allitride was determined and the expression of allitride synthesis-related genes was analyzed. The results showed that sulfur application promoted bulb enlargement, induced the expression of allitride synthesis-related genes, and increased the allitride content in bulbs. After sulfur application, the fresh weight of 2 varieties of garlic bulbs significantly increased, indicating that sulfur application promoted the expansion of bulbs. Allitride content in bulbs continuously increased during bulbous expansion stage after sulfur application. The accumulation of allitride in bulbs of both varieties was promoted by sulfur application, and the expression levels of most allitride synthesis-related genes in bulbs and leaves were up-regulated. Allitride content in 2 varieties of garlic bulbs was positively correlated with the expression levels of allitride synthesis-related glutathione synthase 1 (GSH1) genes AsGSH1a, AsGSH1b, AsGSH1c, AsGSH1d and AsAly, among which AsGSH1d was significantly positively correlated, indicating that AsGSH1d might play an important role in the synthesis of allicin. This study provides a theoretical basis for increasing the content of allitride.
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