Knowledge Map Construction in Soil Microbiology Research: Hotspot Clustering and Paradigm Evolution (1999~2024)
MA Ya-Ran1, GAO Ya-Miao1, NAN Xiong-Xiong2, ZHU Li-Zhen2, WANG Fang1,2,*
1 School of Geography and Planning/China-Arab Joint International Research Laboratory for Featured Resources and Environmental Governance in Arid Regions, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2 National Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750004, China
摘要土壤微生物是生物地球化学循环的关键驱动者,研究其范式演进对生态学理论深化和农业可持续发展具有重要意义。为系统揭示土壤微生物领域的研究演进脉络与前沿动态,本研究以WOS (Web of Science)核心合集和中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI)为数据源,构建1999~2024年2.8万篇中英文文献数据集。采用VOSviewer和CiteSpace进行多元计量与知识图谱挖掘,通过关键词共现聚类、突现词检测及时间序列演化分析。结果表明：(1)全球土壤微生物领域知识呈显著增长态势,英文文献年均增幅为6.85%,中文文献自2020年起增速加快;(2)研究热点聚类为五大知识模块—养分循环、污染修复、群落特征、环境动态和气候调控;(3)关键词突现分析揭示范式演进三阶段：多样性描述(1999~2010)→宏基因组解码(2011~2018)→互作网络与多功能性机制(2019~2024)。未来需重点关注多尺度微生物组动态监测、全球变化背景下的功能冗余机制及人工智能驱动的互作网络建模。本研究提出的“热点-趋势-前沿”解析框架,为优化土壤微生物学研究布局、指导生态恢复工程实践提供了理论依据和方法支撑。
Abstract：Soil microorganisms play a pivotal role in biogeochemical cycles. Understanding the evolution of research paradigms in this field is essential to advancing ecological theory and facilitating sustainable agriculture. To delineate the research trajectory and emerging frontiers of soil microbiology, this study compiled a comprehensive dataset encompassing 28 000 Chinese and English publications (1999~2024) from the WOS (Web of Science) core collection and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Using multi-metric analysis and knowledge mapping tools (VOSviewer and CiteSpace), keyword co-occurrence clustering, burst detection, and timeline analysis were conducted. The results indicated the following: (1) Global knowledge output in this field expanded substantially, with English-language literature growing at an average annual rate of 6.85%, while Chinese publications experienced accelerated growth since 2020. (2) Research hotspots clustered around 5 major thematic areas: Nutrient cycling, pollution remediation, community characteristics, environmental dynamics, and climate regulation. (3) Keyword burst analysis identified a three-stage paradigm shift: An initial focus on diversity characterization (1999~2010), a transition to metagenome-driven exploration (2011~2018), and a recent emphasis on interaction networks and multifunctional mechanisms (2019~2024). Future research should prioritize multi-scale dynamic monitoring of soil microbiomes, the mechanisms of functional redundancy under global change, and AI-enabled modeling of microbial interaction networks. The developed "hotspot-trend-frontier" analytical framework provides theoretical and methodological support for optimizing research strategies in soil microbiology and guiding ecological restoration practices.
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