Abstract：Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle. In the follicular microenvironment, exosomes serve as important mediators of cellular communication and are capable of regulating follicular growth and development through the genes they carry; however, information regarding the genes present in follicular fluid exosomes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the genetic diversity of follicular fluid exosomes and to analyse the regulatory functions of exosomes in follicular growth and development, ovulation, and atresia, thereby providing a theoretical basis for breeding and reproductive research in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa). This study found that follicular fluid exosomes could promote ovarian proliferation and the secretion of steroid hormones in pigs. Through transcriptomic sequencing, 44 955 SNP/InDel mutations were identified in follicular fluid exosome samples, the majority of which were SNP variants, totalling 43 752. Only 2 430 of these were homozygous SNP and InDel mutations. Analysis of the mutation types in the sample revealed a total of 2.30×104 transitions SNPs and 2.08×104 transversions SNPs, with a ratio of 1.11 between the two, indicating a significant difference. Annotation of mutation locations revealed that SNP and InDel primarily occurred in intergenic and intron regions, followed by exonic regions and the 、3'UTR and 5'UTR, distributed across 1 073 genes. Analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment revealed that genes with mutations in exonic regions were primarily involved in pathways such as cellular oxidative stress, translation, autophagy, and cell cycle regulation. Furthermore, 10 genes associated with the regulation of follicular development were identified, such as β-actin (ACTB), tumour protein p53 (TP53), cathepsin B (CTSB) and lamin B1 (LMNB1). The SNP/InDel data obtained in this study may provide theoretical support for future research into the application of follicular fluid exosomes in swine breeding.
刘阳光, 朱翠云, 吴萍, 叶海波, 王倩倩, 张晓东, 殷宗俊. 基于RNA-seq技术对猪卵泡液外泌体SNP和InDel的筛选及功能分析[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2026, 34(10): 2129-2141.
LIU Yang-Guang, ZHU Cui-Yun, WU Ping, YE Hai-Bo, WANG Qian-Qian, ZHANG Xiao-Dong, YIN Zong-Jun. Screening and Functional Analysis of SNP and InDel in Porcine (Sus scrofa) Follicular Fluid Exosomes Based on RNA-seq Technology. 农业生物技术学报, 2026, 34(10): 2129-2141.
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